摘要
【目的】研究分析目标价格政策对新疆棉花生产和生产经营主体的影响。【方法】采用2011~2018年的统计年鉴数据、棉花质量公检数据、成本收益调查数据等,对比分析2014年实施棉花目标价格政策前后,新疆棉花生产和生产经营主体的变化差异。【结果】新疆棉花种植面积和产量占全国的比重逐年增加,2018年达74.3%和83.7%,占全国2/3以上;棉花品质稳步提升,上半部棉花纤维平均长度28~29 mm,断裂比强度27~28cN/tex,马克隆值A、B级占比70%~80%;机采率达44.6%;植棉生产成本中物质与服务费用逐年增长,2018年增长到988.1元/667m^(2)。【结论】目标价格政策实施,促进了新疆棉花生产水平显著提升,凸现出在全国的重要地位;棉花生产总体水平稳步提升;机采棉发展潜力空间仍然较大。
【Objective】To study the impact of target price reform on cotton production and main bodies of production and operation in Xinjiang.【Methods】Using 2011-2018 statistical yearbook data,cotton quality public inspection data,and cost-benefit survey data,a comparative analysis of the differences was made between the changes in cotton production and main bodies of production and operation in Xinjiang before and after the implementation of the cotton target price in 2014.【Results】The proportion of Xinjiang's cotton planting acreage and production in the country increased year by year,reaching 74.3%and 83.7%,respectively,accounting for more than two thirds of the country's total;cotton quality was steadily improving,with an average length of 28-29 mm in the upper half,a break ratio strength of 27-28 cN/tex,and A and B grades of Macron value occupied 70%-80%;the machine-picked cotton developed rapidly which its ratio reached 44.6%;the cost of materials and services in the cost of production of planting cotton increased each year,increasing to$988.1/acre in 2018.【Conclusion】The implementation of the target price reform has promoted a significant increase in the level of cotton production in Xinjiang,and its importance for the country is highlighted;the cotton quality is mixed with good and bad points,but the overall quality is steadily improving in general;the potential for the development of machine-picked cotton remains large;The implementation of the target price reform not only protects farmers'income,but also promotes the development of organized cotton planting.
作者
赵鑫
王晓伟
艾先涛
ZHAO Xin;WANG Xiaowei;AI Xiantao(Institute of Agricultural Economy&Information, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091, China;Institute of Economic Crop, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China)
出处
《新疆农业科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第9期1756-1763,共8页
Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences
基金
自治区公益性科研项目(ky2019032)
“天山雪松计划”(2018XS14)
国家社科基金“棉花目标价格改革对新疆棉花生产经营主体行为意愿影响研究”(15BJY126)。
关键词
目标价格
棉花生产
生产经营
差异
target price
cotton production
production management body
influence
