摘要
在页岩气开采过程中,压裂泵单向阀因易发生破损而更换频繁,目前单向阀的检测方法存在依赖人工经验、需要专人监测、故障定位准确性不高、全检全换等问题。针对上述问题,以中石化柴驱压裂泵为例,提出了一种基于多特征融合和多层感知器相结合的方法,对其单向阀进行了故障诊断。首先,用多个加速度传感器和压力传感器,对不同单向阀故障情况下的压裂泵工作状态进行了故障采集,对获取的数据分别进行了时域和频域相关的统计特征计算;然后,使用主成分分析法对其主要特征成分进行了提取,构成了新的特征向量;最后,利用多层感知器处理非线性数据的优势,使用其进行了单向阀故障的分类识别,实现了对压裂泵单向阀故障的精确诊断。研究结果表明:基于多特征融合和多层感知器相结合的方法能够准确识别出单向阀多种故障类型,且受工况的影响程度低,平均诊断准确率达到99.6%;多传感器计算得到的特征经处理后,可使不同单向阀故障具有可分性。
In shale gas exploitation,fracturing pump check valves were prone to breakage and frequently replaced.The current check valve detection methods had problems such as relying on manual experience,requiring special personnel to monitor,low fault location accuracy,and full inspection and full replacement.Aiming at these problems,taking Sinopec’s diesel-driven fracturing pump as an example,a method based on the combination of multi-feature fusion and multilayer perceptron(multilayer perceptron,MLP)was used to diagnose the fault of the one-way valve to solve the problems in the manual inspection of the pump.Firstly,multiple acceleration sensors and pressure sensors were used to collect the working status of the fracturing pump under different one-way valve failures,and the relevant statistical characteristics in the time domain and frequency domain from the acquired data were calculated.Principal component analysis was used to extract the main feature components to form a new feature vector.Finally,the advantages of multi-layer perceptrons in processing non-linear data were used for fault classification and identification,and the fault of one-way valve of the fracturing pump was accurately diagnosed.The research results show that the method based on the combination of multi-feature fusion and multi-layer perceptron can accurately identify multiple types of faults and is subject to working conditions.The degree of influence is low,and the average diagnostic accuracy rate reaches 99.6%.The features calculated by the multi-sensor are processed to make different one-way valve faults separable.
作者
潘灵永
PAN Ling-yong(SJ Petroleum Machinery Co.,Jingzhou 434000,China)
出处
《机电工程》
CAS
北大核心
2021年第10期1299-1304,1310,共7页
Journal of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering
基金
中国石油化工股份有限公司科技资助项目(P20046-5)。
关键词
压裂泵
单向阀
故障诊断
特征融合
多层感知器
fracturing pump
one-way valve
fault detection
feature fusion
multilayer perceptron(MLP)
