摘要
植物的光合作用是最重要的化学反应之一,是生产人类和动物所需食物和氧气以及净化水源的重要过程。从光合作用着手提高植物产量一直是研究热点。挖掘植物非叶绿色器官光合潜力是提高植物整体光合能力的一个重要途径,一些植物非叶绿色器官在逆境条件下具有蒸腾速率较低、水分利用效率较高、渗透调节能力更强等特点,表现出优于叶片的光合抗逆性且具有可观的产量贡献。简要综述了非叶绿色器官光合作用的相关研究,主要包括植物繁殖器官及茎的光合表现、研究植物器官相对贡献率的方法、非生物胁迫对植物非叶绿色器官的影响、非叶绿色器官光合途径的鉴定及非叶绿色器官再固定CO_(2)等方面,分析了非叶绿色器官光合贡献率评价方法上存在的优缺点,并对未来在非叶绿色器官光合研究方向上作以展望。
Photosynthesis is one of the most important biochemical reactions in plants,and is a vital process for producing food and oxygen and purifying water resources for humans and animals.Efforts to improve photosynthesis in plants have traditionally focused on increasing photosynthesis in the leaves to increase yield.However,green non-leaf organs may also contribute to improving the overall photosynthetic capacity of plants.Compared with leaves,some non-leaf organs show a lower transpiration rate,higher water use efficiency,and stronger osmotic regulation ability under stress conditions,indicative of better stress resistance.Thus,non-leaf organs may make a considerable contribution to yield.In this paper,we review recent studies on photosynthesis in green non-leaf organs,including those on the photosynthetic performance of reproductive organs and stems,the methods used to evaluate the relative contribution rate,the influences of abiotic stress,the identification of photosynthetic pathways,and CO_(2)fixation in non-leaf green organs.We discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the methods used to evaluate the contributions of these organs to photosynthesis in the whole plant,and outline future directions for research on the photosynthetic ability of non-leaf organs.
作者
汪辉
田浩琦
毛培胜
刘文辉
贾志锋
魏露萍
周青平
WANG Hui;TIAN Hao-qi;MAO Pei-sheng;LIU Wen-hui;JIA Zhi-feng;WEI Lu-ping;ZHOU Qing-ping(College of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau,Southwest Minzu University,Chengdu 610041,China;College of Grassland Science and Technology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China;Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine of Qinghai Province,Xining 810016,China)
出处
《草业学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第10期191-200,共10页
Acta Prataculturae Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金(32001392)
国家牧草产业技术体系青藏高原牧草育种岗位项目(CAR34)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2021HQZZ07)资助。
关键词
非叶绿色器官
光合作用
光合途径
CO_(2)再固定
光合贡献率
green non-leaf organs
photosynthesis
photosynthetic pathway
CO_(2)re-fixation
photosynthetic contribution rate
