摘要
基于系统保护规划理论与方法,以辽河流域为研究区,分别以流域内湿地类型和湿地中的水鸟物种作为湿地生态系统保护目标和物种保护目标,利用系统保护规划工具Marxan 1.8.2软件,综合考虑社会经济等因素,最终构建了能以最小的社会经济成本达到最大程度的湿地保护优先格局,并识别出现有湿地保护空缺。研究结果表明,2019年已经纳入保护体系的湿地面积占湿地总面积的12%,将保护30%的湿地作为保护目标,通过调整后的湿地优化保护格局,将被保护湿地的面积所占的比例提高到32.98%;就各类型湿地而言,辽河流域内的滨海湿地和沼泽湿地保护现状较好,而广泛分布的河流湿地和湖泊湿地的保护现状较差,具有较大的湿地保护空缺空间;在各子流域湿地的保护方面,除了辽河干流流域和东北沿黄海、渤海诸河流域内的湿地得到了较好的保护外,其它各子流域的湿地仍然具有较大的保护空缺,东辽河流域和鸭绿江流域的湿地仍未得到保护。
Wetland degradation in Liao River basin is serious due to sustained high-intensity of human activities. Based on the theory and method of system protection planning, the system protection planning tool Marxan1.8.2 software was used for comprehensive consideration. The wetland types and water bird species were respectively used as the wetland ecosystem protection targets and species protection targets. Social and economic factors have finally constructed a priority protection pattern for the wetlands that could achieve the greatest degree with the smallest socio-economic cost, and identified the prioritized areas and protection gaps for the wetlands in Liaohe River basin. The results showed that around 12% wetland area were included in the protection system for the wetlands in 2019, and the wetland protection proportion could reach about 32.98%after the optimization. For the protection of each wetland type, the coastal wetlands and marsh wetlands were well protected, while the widely distributed river and lake wetlands were poorly protected and had large protection gaps. In terms of the wetland protection in each sub-basin, the wetlands in the main stream of the Liao River and the sub-basins along the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea in the northeast were well protected, while other sub-basins still existed large area of protection gaps. Especially, the wetlands in Yalujiang River basin and Dongliaohe River basin have not yet been effectively protected. The results could have important significance for the protection of the wetland in Liao River basin.
作者
谢旭
梁晨
李晓文
白军红
穆泳林
梁芳源
XIE Xu;LIANG Chen;LI Xiaowen;BAI Junhong;MU Yonglin;LIANG Fangyuan(State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation of Environment,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,P.R.China;Beijing Tsinghua Tongheng Urban Planning&Dseign Institute Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100085,P.R.China)
出处
《湿地科学》
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第4期451-457,共7页
Wetland Science
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31770576)资助。
关键词
湿地保护
系统保护规划
优先保护格局
辽河流域
protection for wetlands
systematic conservation planning
pattern of priority protection
Liao River basin
