摘要
利用雨滴谱仪对2019年5—10月和2020年6—7月的雨滴特性进行分析,并与实验场内0.1 mm和0.5 mm分辨率的雨量计观测数据对比,得到雨滴到达地面时的尾速、直径及其两者之间的关系特征,并探究不同雨强范围雨滴直径的分布情况。结果表明:2019年5—10月出现频率最高的是0.5 mm左右直径雨滴,占比超过20%,0.7 mm直径以下的雨滴占比约为65%;在中雨、大雨雨型情况下,雨滴直径直方图的“双峰”较为明显,但随着降雨雨强的增大,在暴雨雨型下有可能出现“三峰”的情况,而在小雨雨型时更容易出现“单峰”现象;2019年5—10月和2020年梅雨季,雨强在0.5 mm/min以下的频率超过90%,这要求雨量计在出厂标定时必须在小雨强下进行。
The characteristics of raindrops from May to October in 2019 and from June to July in 2020 were analyzed by using distrometers,and the results were also compared with the measured data of 0.1mm and 0.5mm resolution rain gauges calibrated in the experimental field.The raindrop velocity and diameter and the relationship between them were obtained.The distribution of raindrop diameters in different rainfall intensities was investigated.The results show that the raindrops with the highest frequency of about 0.5mm diameter accounts for more than 20%,and the raindrops with diameter less than 0.7mm accounts for about 65%from May to October in 2019.The distribution histogram shows a more obvious double peak phenomenon in moderate and heavy rainfall patterns.With the increase of rainfall intensity,triple peak phenomenon occurs in storm rain pattern while single peak phenomenon occurs in light rain pattern.The frequency of the rainfall intensity less than 0.5mm/min is over 90%from May to October in 2019 and during the rainy season in 2020,which requires the factory calibration of rain gauges under weak rainfall intensity.
作者
蔡钊
刘九夫
廖爱民
廖敏涵
刘宏伟
王欢
马涛
卓鹏
CAI Zhao;LIU Jiufu;LIAO Ai min;LIAO Minhan;LIU Hongwei;WANG Huan;MA Tao;ZHUO Peng(Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute,Nanjing 210029,China;State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering,Nanjing 210029,China)
出处
《水利水电科技进展》
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第5期93-98,共6页
Advances in Science and Technology of Water Resources
基金
国家自然科学基金(91647203,51609145)
国家重点研发计划(2017YFC0405700)。
关键词
雨滴谱仪
雨滴尾速
雨滴直径
雨量计
raindrop distrometer
raindrop velocity
raindrop diameter
rain gauge
