摘要
乌龙哈尼语采用前缀a³¹、a⁵⁵、ʑu³³和后加标记ʦa⁵⁵、ma⁵⁵、xa⁵⁵、ɣa⁵⁵、ʦhan³¹作为名词化的标记形式。这几个名词性前缀与其他哈尼语方言同源,加标记则是自身语法系统的创新,具有明确的分工,可表人物、地点、工具、事情,且能分析出较为清晰的演化路径:ʦa⁵⁵来源于动词“吃”到名词“食物”的进一步虚化,ma⁵⁵由通用量词“个”引申出指称功能,xa⁵⁵由副词“所有”演变为复数标记和名词化标记,ɣa⁵⁵由“实际处所”的词根语法化为表示“抽象处所”的名词化标记,ʦhan³¹则是与当地汉语方言密切接触的产物。
There are several nominalization markers in Wulong Hani language:the prefixes a³¹/a⁵⁵/ʑu³³and the postponed markersʦa⁵⁵/ma⁵⁵/xa⁵⁵/ɣa⁵⁵/ʦhan³¹.The prefixes a³¹/a⁵⁵/ʑu³³are homologous with other Hani dialects,and the postponed nominalization markers can refer to people,places,tools and things,we think it is an innovation of its own grammar system.These markers have a clear division of labor and can be analyzed relatively clear evolution path:ʦa⁵⁵originates from the further virtualization of the verb"eat"to noun"food",ma⁵⁵comes from the grammaticalization of the common classifier"个",and xa⁵⁵is from the adverb"all"has evolved into plural mark and nominalization mark,ɣa⁵⁵is grammaticalized from"actual place"to"abstract place".ʦhan³¹is the product of close contact with local Chinese dialects.
作者
王草依
WANG Cao-yi(Yunnan Technology and Business University,Kunming 651701,China)
出处
《红河学院学报》
2021年第5期9-12,共4页
Journal of Honghe University
关键词
哈尼语
名词化
前缀
后加标记
分布规律
Hani language
Nominalization
Prefixes
Postponed markers
Distribution
