摘要
为全面评估窑干锯材的环境属性,分析能源供应方式变化对锯材生产的能源消耗和环境排放的影响,采用生命周期评价的方法,对橡木从木材采伐、运输、制材到干燥各阶段的物质和能耗进行采集和计算,并应用SimaPro软件进行环境影响评价。结果表明:窑干橡木锯材制备各阶段的环境影响由大到小依次为海洋运输、干燥、内陆运输、木材采伐和制材,橡木锯材的环境影响主要体现在呼吸性无机物的排放和化石燃料消耗等方面。经对比研究发现,生物质锅炉和外购水蒸气两种热源对橡木锯材的环境性能影响差别不大,生产企业的生物质锅炉具有保留应用价值。由于制材和干燥工艺的不同以及运输质量上的差异,原产于美国的橡木锯材产生的环境影响显著小于国内生产的橡木锯材,就环境性能而言,直接从海外进口板材优于进口原木后在国内进行锯材加工。上述研究结果可为国内木材加工企业的清洁生产提供参考,并为我国木材产品生命周期评价体系的建立提供基础性研究成果。
In recent years,with the improvement of wood processing technology and the change of energy supply source,the energy consumption and environmental emission level in lumber production have changed significantly.In addition,due to the country s increasing attention to environmental issues and the implementation of new environmental policies,China,as the largest wood products manufacturing country,is in great need of the research of environmental impacts from the wood processing industry.In order to explore the environmental performance of kiln-dried lumber,the mass and energy consumption for oak lumber production from harvesting,transportation,manufacturing,to drying were collected and calculated by the life cycle assessment(LCA)method.The data were input into the SimaPro software for environmental impact assessment using the Eco-Indicator 99 methodology.The results showed that,for domestically produced kiln-dried oak lumber,the most significant environmental impacts occur in the ocean transportation stage,followed by drying,domestic transportation,harvesting and lumber manufacturing in sequence.The main environmental categories are respiratory inorganics and fossil fuels.For hard-to-dry hardwood such as oak,the environmental impacts caused by drying are significant due to the long drying cycle.The energy consumption during drying process further increases the environmental impacts from fossil fuels usage and respiratory inorganic emission.It is found that there is no significant environmental performance difference between the uses of biomass boiler generated steam and the purchased steam on the product s environmental performance.It is suggested that the on-site biomass boiler could be retained in application because biomass boilers mainly recycle wood wastes as fuel,which has a positive environmental impact.In addition,it is found that the environmental influence of the US-produced oak lumber is significantly lower than the domestically produced one due to the difference of manufacturing processes and the wood t
作者
吕赫
丁涛
程亚飞
江宁
LYU He;DING Tao;CHENG Yafei;JIANG Ning(College of Materials Science and Engineering,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,China;Jiangsu Xinan Wood Drying Systems Co.Ltd.,Nanjing 210037,China)
出处
《林业工程学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第5期39-45,共7页
Journal of Forestry Engineering
基金
林业科技成果国家级推广项目([2019]18)。
