摘要
【目的】禾谷缢管蚜(Rhopalosiphum padi)是危害玉米的主要害虫之一,其生长繁殖严重影响了玉米的产量和品质。分析施硅(Si)诱导玉米植株对蚜虫的抗性对玉米正常生长尤为重要。本研究从玉米抗氧化系统、次生代谢和信号传导途径3个方面,探究了施硅提高玉米抗蚜性的生理代谢机制。【方法】采用玉米水培试验方法,共设置4个处理:不施硅不接蚜虫(–Si–A)、不施硅接蚜虫(–Si+A)、施硅不接蚜虫(+Si–A)、施硅接蚜虫(+Si+A)。分别于蚜虫侵染后48、60、72、96、120 h,调查玉米植株蚜虫密度,并取样分析玉米植株抗氧化系统(CAT、SOD、H_(2)O_(2)和MDA)、次生代谢(PAL、PPO、LOX和木质素含量)和信号传导物质(JA、SA)含量,以未接虫玉米3个系统中的相关成分含量为组成型抗性,以接虫前后各成分含量的差值为诱导型抗性,讨论了硅对玉米抗蚜组成型和诱导型抗性的影响。【结果】随着蚜虫侵染后时间的延长,蚜虫密度增加,与侵染后48 h相比,在–Si处理下,侵染后60~120 h时蚜虫数量显著增加了12.50%~40.18%;+Si处理下,侵染后60~120 h蚜虫数量显著增加了12.36%~49.44%;在侵染后48~120 h相同时间点下,与不施硅处理相比,施硅处理的蚜虫种群密度显著降低了15.29%~20.64%。整个培养时间内,与不施硅处理相比,施硅处理的玉米抗氧化系统中组成型CAT、SOD活性均显著提高,组成型H_(2)O_(2)、MDA含量分别降低了4.41%~15.35%、5.35%~17.95%,诱导型CAT活性显著增加(除侵染后72 h外),诱导型SOD活性显著降低,诱导型H_(2)O_(2)含量先提高后降低;施硅处理显著提高了次生代谢中组成型PAL、LOX和PPO活性、木质素含量,降低了诱导型PPO活性、木质素含量,诱导型PAL活性表现为先提高后降低,诱导型LOX活性表现为先降低后升高随后又降低;施硅处理显著提高了信号传导中组成型JA、SA含量,增加了诱导型SA含量43.77%~117.48%,降低了诱导
【Objectives】Rhopalosiphum padi is one of the main pests in maize production,its growth and reproduction severely affect the yield and quality of maize.Silicon(Si)application is capable of inducing aphids resistance by maize.In this study,we explored the beneficial effects of Si on the antioxidant system,secondary metabolism and signal transduction pathway of maize.【Methods】A maize hydroponic experiment was carried out,and the tested aphid was Rhopalosiphum padi.The four treatments were no Si application without aphid infestation(-Si-A),no Si application with aphid infestation(-Si+A),Si application without aphid infestation(+Si-A),and Si application with aphid infestation(+Si+A).At 48,60,72,96 and 120 h after aphid infestation on maize plant,the density of aphids was surveyed.The CAT,SOD,H_(2)O_(2),and MDA contents in the antioxidant system,the PAL,PPO,LOX,and lignin contents in the secondary metabolism and signal transduction substances(JA and SA)were analyzed.The content or enzyme activity of the tested indices in maize without aphid infestation was defined as the constitutive resistance.The difference between the indices before and after aphid infestation was defined as inducible resistance,and Si's effect on these resistances was discussed.【Results】Aphids density increased with infection time.The density of aphids at 60−120 h after aphid infestation without Si application was 12.50%−40.18%higher,and that with Si application was 12.36%−49.44%higher than that at 48 h after aphid infestation.At the same infestation time,the aphid density with Si application was 15.29%-20.64%lower than without Si application.During the whole incubation period,Si application improved the activity of the constitutive CAT and SOD,reduced the constitutive H_(2)O_(2)and MDA by 4.41%−15.35%and 5.35%−17.95%(P<0.05),increased the activity of inducible CAT across the infestation time except at 72 h after aphid infestation,reduced(P<0.05)inducible SOD activity,and inducible H_(2)O_(2)increased first and subsequently de
作者
戚秀秀
刘艺凝
魏畅
王祎
姜瑛
韩燕来
QI Xiu-xiu;LIU Yi-ning;WEI Chang;WANG Yi;JIANG Ying;HAN Yan-lai(College of Resources and Environmental Science,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,China)
出处
《植物营养与肥料学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第9期1506-1522,共17页
Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers
基金
国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0200605,2018YFD0200600)。
关键词
玉米
禾谷缢管蚜
硅
组成型抗性
诱导型抗性
maize
Rhopalosiphum padi
silicon
constitutive resistance
inducible resistance
