摘要
1937年8月,中共在洛川会议上提出了“全国军队总动员”和“全国人民总动员”的战时全面动员的政策。全面抗战初期,淡化了“阶级”观念,激发了农民的民族主义和爱国主义热情,中共战时全面动员取得了成效。但随着抗战困难时期的到来,陕甘宁边区部分地方出现了“过度动员”,使民众产生了疏离。为此,中共启动了新的动员模式,动员士绅阶层参加抗日政权,扩大抗日政权的阶级基础;动员党政军人员开展“自食其力”的生产运动,以减轻边区民众战时负担;动员农民参与减租减息,提高农民在基层社会的地位。通过这种新的动员模式,中共加强了对乡村社会的控制,提升了动员的深度和广度。
In August 1937,the CPC proposed a policy at the Luochuan Meeting of the wartime compre-hensive mobilization,namely,the“General Mobilization of the National Army”and“General Mobilization of the People”,believing China's war of resistance could only win by means of the wartime comprehensive mobilization.In the early days of the total war of resistance,peasants'nationalism and patriotism were inspired by downplaying the concept of“class”,and the compre-hensive mobilization of CPC achieved initial results.However,when the war continued,the ex-cessive mobilization in the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region caused the alienation between the people and the CPC regime.To solve the crises faced by the regime,in addition to the regular mobilization,the CPC launched a new mobilization mode of mobilizing the gentry to participate in the CPC regime so as to expand the class base of the regime of resistance against J apan,mobilizing the personnel in the party,government and military to carry out a“self-reliance”production campaign to reduce the wartime financial burden to the people in the border region,and mobili-zing the peasants to reduce rents and interest rates in order to strengthen their status in the grass roots society and the CPC's control of grassroots society.Unlike the requisition of grain,conscription,and expropriation of war material,the CPC strengthened its control over the rural soci-ety through this new mobilization mode,
出处
《日本侵华南京大屠杀研究》
CSSCI
2021年第3期13-28,M0003,M0004,共18页
Journal of Japanese Invasion of China and Nanjing Massacre
基金
国家社科基金重大招标项目"陕甘宁边区制度史研究"(15ZDB042)的阶段性成果。
