摘要
【目的】建立主要作物产量与耗水的响应关系,结合节水高产发展要求,确定县域资源节水潜力,为水资源配置提供依据。【方法】以甘肃省高台县为典型区,依据气候、作物、土壤、管理数据,利用AquaCrop模型对主要作物制种玉米、商品玉米和小麦的耗水量和产量进行模拟。以产量最高、耗水量最低为目标,以减产量在5%以内为约束条件优化灌溉制度,利用作物种植面积和优化后减少的耗水量计算高台县资源节水潜力。【结果】对制种玉米、商品玉米和小麦的产量进行模拟,3种作物产量的模拟精度均较好,模拟精度大小表现为制种玉米>商品玉米>小麦。2002-2015年高台县制种玉米、商品玉米和小麦的年均耗水量分别为366.1,423.7和451.2 mm。灌溉制度优化后,制种玉米、商品玉米和小麦的年均耗水量分别减少10.8,17.7和22.3 mm,年均资源节水潜力分别为66.62,63.50和99.90万m^(3),3种作物总的资源节水潜力为230.02万m^(3)。【结论】AquaCrop模型可以较好地模拟作物产量与耗水的响应关系,基于AquaCrop的灌溉制度优化是确定县域资源节水潜力的有效途径。
【Objective】This study established the response relationship between crops yield and water consumption to determine resource-based water-saving potential under the request of water-saving and high-yield and provide evidence for water resource allocation.【Method】The water consumption and yield of staple crops seed maize,commodity corn and wheat was simulated based on AquaCrop with climate,soil,crop and management data by taking Gaotai county of Gansu Province as a typical region.The irrigation scheduling was optimized by aiming at the highest yield and the lowest water consumption as the goal and reducing the yield within 5%as the constraint condition.The resource-based water-saving potential of Gaotai county was calculated with planting area and change of water consumption after optimization.【Result】The simulation results of the yield of seed maize,commodity corn and wheat showed that the simulation accuracy of the three crops was good,and the simulation accuracy was seed maize>commercial corn>wheat.The average annual water consumption of seed maize,commodity corn and wheat in Gaotai county from 2002 to 2015 were 366.1,423.7 and 451.2 mm respectively.After the irrigation system was optimized,the average annual water consumption of seed maize,commodity corn and wheat decreased by 10.8,17.7 and 22.3 mm respectively.The average annual resource-based water-saving potential were 666.2 thousand,635.0 thousand and 999.0 thousand m^(3) respectively,and the total resource-based water-saving potential was 2.3002 million m^(3).【Conclusion】The AquaCrop model can better simulate the response relationship between crop yield and water consumption.The optimization of irrigation scheduling based on Aquacrop is an effective way to determine the county resource-based water-saving potential.
作者
孙哲
粟晓玲
SUN Zhe;SU Xiaoling(College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China;Key Laboratory for Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid Area of Ministry of Education,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China)
出处
《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第10期145-154,共10页
Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)
基金
国家自然科学基金重大研究计划项目(91425302-04)。
关键词
甘肃省高台县
AquaCrop模型
耗水量
资源节水潜力
Gaotai county,Gansu Province
AquaCrop model
water consumption
resource-based water-saving potential
