摘要
本文基于异质性企业贸易理论和跨国专利质量阶梯理论,构建了外国专利影响东道国企业出口行为的理论模型,并从同行业和跨行业视角进行相应的实证分析。结果发现:在同行业内,外国在华专利对中国企业出口概率和出口强度均存在显著的正向影响;在跨行业后向关联渠道中,外国在华专利对上游企业的正向影响只体现在出口强度上;而在跨行业前向关联渠道中,由于较强的竞争封锁效应,外国在华专利对下游企业出口概率和出口强度均存在显著的负向影响。同时,在同行业和跨行业后向关联渠道中,外国在华专利对企业出口行为的正向影响具有一定时间持续性,而在前向关联渠道中,负向影响则仅体现在当期,不存在显著的时间滞后效应。此外,影响机制检验表明:外国在华专利不仅通过技术外溢和竞争封锁的综合效应影响企业生产率进而间接影响企业出口,而且还可以通过出口产品种类等途径直接对企业出口行为产生影响。因此,本文的研究将为如何能够更加有效发挥外国先进专利的技术外溢效应,推动中国企业出口贸易的高质量创新发展提供参考。
Based on the heterogeneous-firm trade theory and the multinational patent quality ladder theory, this paper constructs a theoretical model of the impact of foreign patents on the export behavior of host country enterprises, and conducts the corresponding empirical analysis from the perspective of the same industry and cross industry. The results show that foreign patents in China have a significant positive impact on the export probability and export intensity of Chinese enterprises in the same industry, and the positive impact of foreign patents in China on upstream companies is only reflected in the intensity of exports in the cross-industry backward linkage channel. However, in the forward-linked channel, due to the strong competitive blocking effect, foreign patents in China have a significant negative impact on the export probability and export intensity of downstream enterprises. At the same time, the positive impact of foreign patents in China on the export behavior of enterprises in the same industry and cross-industry backward related channels has a certain duration, while the negative impacts of forward related channels is only reflected in the current period, and there is no significant time lag effect. In addition, the impact mechanism test shows that foreign patents in China not only affect the productivity of enterprises through the comprehensive effects of technology spillover and competitive blockade, and then indirectly affect the export of enterprises, but also directly affect the export behavior of enterprises through the types of export products.Therefore, the research in this article will provide a reference for how to more effectively utilize the technological spillover effects of foreign advanced patents and promote the high-quality and innovative development of Chinese enterprises’ export trade.
作者
刘霞
张天硕
曲如晓
Liu Xia;Zhang Tianshuo;Qu Ruxiao(School of Economics,Beijing International Studies University;School of Economics and Business Administration,Beijing Normal University)
出处
《经济评论》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第5期118-135,共18页
Economic Review
基金
国家社会科学基金重点项目“外国在华专利与中国企业出口贸易高质量发展的关系研究”(项目编号:19AJL015)
北京市社会科学基金决策咨询一般项目“优化营商环境服务首都国际交往中心功能建设的策略研究”(项目编号:20JCC062)
北京第二外国语学院青年学术英才计划“‘一带一路’背景下中国民族文化产业‘走出去’的路径研究”(项目编号:21110010009)的资助。
关键词
外国在华专利
技术外溢
竞争封锁
出口行为
Foreign Patents in China
Technology Spillover
Competition Blockade
Export Behavior
