摘要
目的研究联合国和世界卫生组织(WHO)辅助技术服务的政策架构与核心内容,比较不同经济发展水平国家辅助技术发展现状,探讨未来辅助技术政策与服务发展。方法基于联合国和WHO辅助技术的相关政策与理论架构,运用WHO健康服务体系构成要素的理论,分析国际辅助技术服务的政策架构与主要内容,比较全球不同经济发展水平国家辅助技术服务政策、辅助产品和服务发展,探讨国际辅助技术的政策与创新技术发展热点。结果辅助技术服务是康复服务的重要组成部分,发展辅助技术服务是实现联合国可持续发展目标三“确保健康的生活方式,促进各年龄段人群的福祉”的关键步骤。联合国和WHO发布的辅助技术服务相关指南提供了辅助技术服务政策,其核心架构是基于联合国《残疾人权利公约》有关辅助技术内容,并具体表现在WHO《世界残疾报告》《全球残疾行动计划》《健康服务体系中的康复》和《健康服务体系中的康复:行动指南》以及WHA 71.8号有关辅助技术的决议《改善获得辅助技术的机会》等核心文件中。国际辅助技术政策核心内容旨在构建以人为本的综合保健服务,强调将辅助技术纳入公共卫生医疗体系和康复服务范畴,根据WHO健康服务的六大核心构成要素建立和发展辅助技术服务,从而提高获取优质辅助技术机会,以实现全民健康覆盖,并且在辅助产品和辅助技术服务领域,倡导技术和服务创新,形成5P辅助技术模式。高收入国家和中低收入国家在辅助技术服务政策、辅助技术产品提供以及服务覆盖率方面都面临诸多困难,存在着较大差异。未来各国辅助技术发展热点主要是采用WHO提出的5P模式进行政策和服务提供以及技术变革,辅助技术产品开发、辅助技术服务模式的创新将是未来发展的热点。结论国际社会有关辅助技术的政策是以联合国《残�
Objective To study the policy framework and core content of assistive technology(AT)services,compare the current sta‐tus of AT in countries with different levels of development,and discuss the future development of international policies and services of AT.Methods Based on the policy and theoretical framework of AT of the United Nations(UN)and World Health Organiza‐tion(WHO),the policy framework and main contents of international AT services were analyzed;the policies,as‐sistive products and service development of AT services in countries with different levels of development world‐wide were compared;and the policy and innovative technology development hotspots of international AT were explored.Results AT service is an important component of rehabilitation services,and the development of AT services is a key step toward achieving the UN Sustainable Development Goal 3,"Ensure healthy lifestyles and promote the well being of people of all ages".UN and WHO advocated AT services policy.The framework is based on the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities(CRPD)on articles related to AT,and WHO documents of AT and rehabilitation,such as World Report on Disability,the Global Plan of Action on Disability,Rehabilitation in the Health System,and Rehabilitation in the Health System:A Guide to Action,as well as WHA 71.8 on Assis‐tive Technology,Improving Access to Assistive Technology.The core elements of the international AT policy aim to build integrated,people-centered health services,emphasize the integration of AT into the health system and re‐habilitation services,establish and develop AT services in six building blocks of WHO health system,thereby im‐proving access to quality AT to achieve universal health coverage.Further in the fields of technology and service innovation,it proposed to establish a 5P model.High-income countries and low-and middle-income countries are facing many difficulties and large differences in AT service policies,assistive product provision,and service coverage.In
作者
杨思创
汤修齐
邱服冰
李安巧
陈琳
王舒云
YANG Si-chuang;TANG Xiu-qi;QIU Fu-bing;LI An-qiao;CHEN Lin;WANG Shu-yun(Center of Physical Education,Sport and Health Sciences,Department of Physical Education,Shenzhen University,Shenzhen,Guangdong 518060,China;China Academy of ICF,Weifang,Shandong 261000,China;Institute for Sport Science,Department of Physical Education of Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan,Hubei 430070,China;College of Mechanical Engineering,Guangxi University,Nanning,Guangxi 530004,China;Health Policy Research Center,Guangxi Medical University,Nanning,Guangxi 530021,China)
出处
《中国康复理论与实践》
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第9期1006-1016,共11页
Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice
基金
中央财政支持地方高校专项体育部学科建设项目(No.0000290701)。
关键词
辅助技术
辅助器具
辅助产品
康复
健康政策
assistive technology
assistive device
assistive product
rehabilitation
health policy
