摘要
目的基于实测数据,分析公路运输时发动机粘接界面处受振动载荷情况,为振动试验提供依据。方法采用加速度传感器记录公路运输下加速度数据,对信号进行时域统计分析,并完成载荷谱的构建,通过有限元软件,构建发动机简化模型,进行发动机模态分析和振动过程模拟。结果对消除趋势项后信号进行统计分析,信号峰值大于3倍均方根值,表明振动数据中包含数值急剧变化的部分,信号峭度为9.34,属于超高斯分布,采集信号中包含冲击信号。将简化后PSD作为输入进行模态分析,结果表明,后封头底端粘接界面位移较大,通过选取的4个参考点上看,位移和加速度均方根值突变的频率在33 Hz附近。模拟实际振动过程发现,前封头及筒段处粘接界面所受应力较为均匀,约为25 kPa,在封头和圆筒段相接处应力值较大,特别是在后封头顶端,存在应力集中,应力值最大可达130 kPa。从应力历程上可以看出,药柱的松弛效应使得冲击过后应力幅值迅速变小。结论通过实测数据与有限元软件结合,完成了发动机粘接界面模态分析和实际振动过程模拟,为后续振动试验提供了基础。
To analyze the vibration load at the bonding interface of the engine during road transportation based on the measured data,and provide a basis for the vibration test.Acceleration sensors were used to record acceleration data under highway transportation,time-domain statistical analysis of the signals and the construction of load spectra were completed,simplified engine models were constructed through finite element software,and engine modal analysis and vibration process simulation were performed.Statistical analysis of the signal after removing the trend item showed that the signal peak value was greater than 3 times the root mean square value,indicating that the vibration data contained a sharply changing part.The signal kurtosis was 9.34,which belonged to the super-Gaussian distribution.The collected signal contained shock signals.Taking the simplified PSD as the input for modal analysis,the results showed that the bottom end of the back head had a large displacement of the bonding interface.From the four selected reference points,the frequency of the sudden change of the displacement and acceleration root mean square value was around 33 Hz.Simulation of the actual vibration process found that the stress on the bonding interface between the front head and the barrel section was relatively uniform,about 25 kPa,and the stress value at the junction of the head and the cylinder section was relatively large,especially at the top of the rear head.Concentration,the maximum stress value can reach 130 kPa.It can be seen from the stress history that the relaxation effect of grains made the stress amplitude decrease rapidly after the impact load.Through the combination of measured data and finite element software,the modal analysis of the engine bonding interface and the simulation of the actual vibration process are completed,which provides the basis for subsequent vibration tests.
作者
徐伯起
卢明章
李高春
李金飞
王玉峰
XU Bo-qi;LU Ming-zhang;LI Gao-chun;LI Jin-fei;WANG Yu-feng(Naval Aviation University,Yantai 246001,China;No.91049 Unit of PLA,Qingdao 266102,China)
出处
《装备环境工程》
CAS
2021年第9期20-26,共7页
Equipment Environmental Engineering
关键词
振动载荷
粘接界面
载荷谱
模态分析
有限元
vibration load
bonding interface
load spectra
modal analysis
finite element
