摘要
为了探究工厂化条件下不同添加剂对猪粪秸秆好氧堆肥过程中氮素和硫素转化规律的影响,掌握其对堆肥过程中NH_(3)和H_(2)S气体减排效果,本文共设置4个处理:沸石(质量分数10%)、过磷酸钙(质量分数5%)单独添加及二者同时添加,同时以无添加剂的处理作为对照。结果表明,不同添加剂对堆肥温度影响差异较小;与对照处理相比,单独添加沸石的堆肥产物全氮和全硫含量分别提高17.5%和17.1%,而单独添加过磷酸钙则分别提高26.1%和40.6%,二者同时添加保氮效果最佳,全氮含量提高32.1%,全硫增加52.8%;沸石通过吸附作用可以使堆肥过程中NH_(3)和H_(2)S的排放分别减少8.2%和9.4%。过磷酸钙能够通过提高堆体铵态氮含量,减少NH_(3)释放,减排率达37.6%,但由于过磷酸钙中含有较多的硫,导致H_(2)S排放量增加;两种添加剂同时添加对NH_(3)和H_(2)S减排效果与单独过磷酸钙添加处理差异较小。综合考虑堆肥品质和NH_(3)减排效果,工厂化堆肥过程中添加一定量过磷酸钙可以达到很好的除臭、保氮效果,过磷酸钙与沸石同时添加并没有协同强化作用,但过磷酸钙添加应该配合恰当的工艺参数,否则有增加H_(2)S释放的风险。
This study aims to determine how nitrogen and sulfur are transformed into NH_(3) and H_(2)S while pig manure is composted with different additives under factory conditions,and to understand the effect of reducing NH_(3) and H_(2)S emissions on composting.Four treatments,in which zeolite(10%)and superphosphate(5%)were added to the manure separately,another in which both were added,and a final treatment without additives that was used as the control(CK),were set up in a pilot study.The results showed that different additives had little effect on the temperature of the compost.Compared with the CK,the addition of zeolite could increase the total nitrogen(TN)and total sulfur(TS)of compost products by 17.5%and 17.1%,respectively,while the addition of calcium superphosphate(CaSSP)increased the TN and TS by 26.1%and 40.6%,respectively.Adding both zeolite and CaSSP had the best effect on nitrogen retention,which increased TN by 32.1%and TS by 52.8%.Zeolite reduced the emissions of NH_(3)(by 8.2%)and H_(2)S(by 9.4%)through adsorption.CaSSP reduces the release of NH_(3) by increasing the ammonium nitrogen content,resulting in a 37.6%reduction in emissions.However,because of the higher content of sulfur in CaSSP,H_(2)S emissions increased significantly(P<0.05).The effects of the combination of the two additives on reducing NH_(3) and H_(2)S were not different from those of the CaSSP alone.Considering the quality of the compost and NH_(3) emissions,adding a certain amount of CaSSP to industrial composting processes can achieve a nutrient retention effect;however,the addition of both the additives had no synergistic effect.Therefore,the addition of CaSSP should be combined with the appropriate process parameters;otherwise,it would increase the risk of H_(2)S emissions.
作者
宋修超
郭德杰
成卫民
罗佳
徐烨红
王光飞
刘新红
马艳
SONG Xiuchao;GUO Dejie;CHENG Weimin;LUO Jia;XU Yehong;WANG Guangfei;LIU Xinhong;MA Yan(Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment,Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanjing 210014,China;School of Environmental and Safety Engineering,Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang 212013,China;Agro-Environmental Protection Institute,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Tianjin 300191,China)
出处
《农业环境科学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第9期2014-2020,共7页
Journal of Agro-Environment Science
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0800201)
国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(41601264)。
关键词
畜禽粪便
工厂化
好氧堆肥
氨
硫化氢
livestock manure
pilot-scale trial
aerobic composting
NH_(3)
H_(2)S
