摘要
河岸带是典型的生态交错区,是联系陆地和水生生态系统的重要界面,环境胁迫最易富集,河流自然调节也最为活跃,故而也是河流与景观环境耦合的核心部位。然而,水坝的建设及因此形成的水库的运行调节方式使得多数河段单一的河岸界面变成河/库交替的界面,由此对流域水文及水环境,以及流域整体生态系统产生巨大影响。本文在探讨河岸带界面概念、界面生态特征的基础上,提出了河/库岸带界面生态设计策略及基本技术框架,并以重庆市三峡库区澎溪河流域为例,探讨了河/库岸带界面生态系统修复设计实践。该项目从综合要素设计、结构设计、功能设计与过程设计4个方面,进行了适应水位变化的河/库岸界面生态系统修复设计与实践研究。生态绩效分析结果表明,修复后的乌杨坝河/库岸界面生态系统生境类型多样性增加明显,生物多样性提升效果显著,植物群落适应水位变化能力强,对面源污染具有明显的净化功能,实现了界面生态修复与滨水空间景观建设和优化协同共生。该项目是河/库岸带界面生态系统修复设计和实践的创新探索,其设计策略及模式可应用于受水位调节影响的河/库岸带生态系统修复。
Riparian zone is a typical ecotone that connects terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems.At the same time,environmental stress magnifies here and the natural regulation of rivers is extremely active.In other words,the most dynamic and vibrant interactions between rivers and landscapes occur in riparian zones.However,the construction of dams and the operation of reservoirs have turned many riparian zones into river/reservoir alternation interfaces,influenced the shaping of hydrological and water environment,and the basin ecosystem as well.By introducing the definition and ecological characteristics of river/reservoir interface,this paper proposes the strategies and technical framework for the ecological design of river/reservoir interface.By studying the ecosystem restoration project of river/reservoir interface of Pengxi River in Three Gorges Reservoir Area of Chongqing,which emphasizes the comprehensive element design,structural design,functional design,and process design,this paper aims to provide a reference for related research and practice on river ecosystem restoration.The results of ecological performance analysis showed that the restored ecosystem of the Wuyangba river/reservoir interface has an obvious increase in habitat type diversity and biodiversity,a strong ability of plant communities to adapt to seasonal water level fluctuation,and an improvement in purifying non-point source pollution.The project demonstrates the coordination and symbiosis of interface ecological restoration and waterfront landscape construction and optimization.The project offers an innovative effort in exploring ecosystem restoration design and practice of river/reservoir interfaces.The design strategies and framework can be a reference for other ecosystem restoration cases that are affected by water level fluctuation in river/reservoir interfaces.
作者
袁兴中
向羚丰
扈玉兴
程威
黄亚洲
熊森
袁嘉
王芳
田乐(翻译)
周佳怡(翻译)
肖杰(翻译)
YUAN Xingzhong;XIANG Lingfeng;HU Yuxing;CHENG Wei;HUANG Yazhou;XIONG Sen;YUAN Jia;WANG Fang;Tina TIAN(TRANSLATED);WANG Ying(TRANSLATED);XIAO Jie(TRANSLATED)(Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning,Chongqing University;Research Center for Ecological Restoration and Control of Water Level Fluctuating Zone in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area,Chongqing University;Management Center for Protected Natural Areas of Kaizhou District,Chongqing;Student of Ecology at College of Environment and Ecology,Chongqing University;不详)
出处
《景观设计学（中英文）》
CSCD
2021年第3期12-27,共16页
Landscape Architecture Frontiers
基金
国家科技重大专项子课题“三峡库区小江汉丰湖流域河、库岸生态防护带建设关键技术研究与示范”(编号:2013ZX07104-004-05)
国家自然科学基金青年基金“山地城市水敏性区域草本植物群落适应性设计研究”(编号:51808065)。
关键词
生态设计
生态系统修复
河/库岸带生态界面
澎溪河流域
三峡库区
季节性水位变化
Ecological Design
Ecosystem Restoration
River/Reservoir Ecological Interface
Pengxi River Basin
Three Gorges Reservoir Area
Seasonal Water Level Fluctuation
