摘要
重大疫情危机下,压力、状态与响应对酒店雇员职业前景认知的组合影响尚缺乏研究。该研究以新冠肺炎疫情为背景,基于复杂性理论和PSR模型构建了酒店员工职业前景认知影响分析框架,采用fsQCA模糊集定性比较方法对职业前景认知的各影响因素的"联合效应"和因素间"互动关系"进行了探索。基于中国东南沿海地区星级酒店的1090份员工问卷的实证分析发现:(1)酒店业绩受损、员工工作调整、收入水平低是酒店员工低职业前景认知的必要条件,酒店安全激励和员工安全参与是酒店员工高职业前景认知的必要条件,受中国疫情防控的特殊情境影响,被动性的员工安全遵守和酒店安全控制是二者共同必要条件。(2)酒店员工低职业前景认知的充分性分析共产生4种组态构型,其中,酒店业绩受损和员工工作调整是员工消极前景认知的主要压力来源,员工风险感知和负面情绪会加剧疫情对员工的消极职业前景认知。在员工个体状态层面,低收入、低职位的一线前台服务员工适应疫情影响能力更低,更易产生低职业前景认知。(3)酒店员工高职业前景认知的充分性分析共产生5种组态构型,在同等疫情压力条件下,主动性的酒店安全激励和员工安全参与会提升酒店员工的职业前景认知,在员工个体状态层面,较高职位级别、收入水平、工作年限的后台员工对疫情冲击的适应度越高,职业前景认知维持较高水平。
The unexpected COVID-19 pandemic will reduce the attractiveness of hospitality occupations for a considerable period of time.There is still a lack of research on the combined effects of pressure,state and response with respect to hotel employees ’ perceptions of their career prospects as a result of the major public health crisis.This study applied complexity theory and the pressure-state-response(PSR) model to examine the combined and interactive effects of PSR factors on employees’ career prospect perceptions by means of fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis(fsQCA).Our sample consisted of employees(N=1090) at star-rated hotels in southeast coastal areas of China.A number of conclusions emerged from this study.First,from an analysis of necessary conditions,hotel employees developed low career prospects in the case of high hotel operation losses,high employee job adjustments,and low income levels.Hotel safety incentives and employee safety participation provided the basic conditions for forming high career prospects.In the particular case of COVID-19 prevention and control in China,employee safety compliance and hotel safety control are necessary conditions with respect to perceptions of high or low career prospects.Second,the sufficient conditions analysis for perceptions of low career prospects yielded four configurations.In terms of pressure factors,hotel operation losses and high employee job adjustments were the main causes of negative prospect perceptions;perceived risk and negative emotion further aggravated such perceptions.With respect to state factors,frontline employees with low incomes and low positions had weak adaptability and flexibility,and they were more likely to have perceptions of low career prospects.Even some older employees who had worked in hotels for a long time had such low perceptions.With regard to response factors,the lack of hotel safety incentives and employee safety participation were the main reasons that led to perceptions of low career prospects.Third,the sufficient con
作者
黄锐
谢朝武
HUANG Rui;XIE Chaowu(College of Tourism,Huaqiao University,Quanzhou 362021,China;Center for Tourism Safety&Security Research of China Tourism Academy,Quanzhou 362021,China)
出处
《旅游学刊》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第9期103-119,共17页
Tourism Tribune
基金
教育部人文社会科学研究基金项目“旅游安全事件对出境游客多阶段安全行为的影响机制及调控研究”(19YJAZH097)资助。
