摘要
我国古代公共园林是古代营城思想成熟的象征,是中华民族优秀传统文化的体现,然而却一直未受到足够重视。尤其今天在“风景园林”内涵发生外延的前提下,我们需要重新发掘其研究价值并梳理“开放化”的历史脉络。本文以政治文化高度成熟的唐朝和商业经济高度繁荣的宋朝,两个时期的公共园林为研究对象:唐代因“民本思想”“民族大融合”促进了城市公共园林的正式出现;宋代因“商业经济”发展而走向了全面繁荣,极大地促进了我国古典营城思想成熟和人居环境的提升。本文通过对比研究明确了唐宋都市园林在政治、经济、宗教、文化等方面“开放化”的动因;通过历史地理学研究方法,比较了长安、洛阳、开封和临安4座都城公共园林的空间形态,明确了唐宋公共园林“唐启宋活”,从“内制集中”走向“开放自由”的空间特征。最后针对目前我国城市更新中的公共空间缺乏活力,城市文化遗产如何保护及活化等问题提出了思考,总结了经验。
The ancient public garden in China is the symbol of the maturity of the ancient city management thought and the embodiment of the excellent traditional culture of the Chinese nation,but it has not been paid enough attention.Especially today,under the premise of the extension of the connotation of“landscape architecture”,we need to re-explore its research value and comb the historical context of“openness”.This paper takes the public gardens in Tang and Song Dynasties,which is highly mature in political culture and highly prosperous in commercial economy,as the research object.The Tang Dynasty promoted the formal emergence of urban public gardens due to the“people-oriented thought”and“national integration”.The Song Dynasty,which was fully prosperous due to the development of“commercial economy”,greatly promoted the maturity of China’s classical city management thought and the improvement of living environment.Through the comparative study,this paper confirmed the political,economic,religious,cultural and other reasons for the“openness”of urban gardens in Tang and Song Dynasties.Through the research method of historical geography,the paper compared the spatial forms of public gardens in Chang’an,Luoyang,Kaifeng and Lin’an,and made clear the spatial characteristics of public gardens in Tang and Song Dynasties from“internal system concentration”to“open freedom”.Finally,the paper puts forward some suggestions on how to protect and activate the urban cultural heritage,and summarizes the experience and enlightenment.
作者
龙婷
杨豪中
李慧敏
代晨光
王海荣
倪娜
Long Ting;Yang Haozhong;Li Huimin;Dai Chenguang;Wang Hairong;Ni Na(Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi’an Shaanxi 710055,China;Xi’an Urban Planning and Design Institute,Xi’an Shaanxi 710082,China)
出处
《城市建筑》
2021年第23期136-143,147,共9页
Urbanism and Architecture
基金
陕西省社会科学基金项目“基于西北地区水系廊道复兴的西安沣潏两河沿线文化遗产保护研究”(2017H005)
陕西省社科联重大理论与现实问题研究年度项目“陕西关中历史城市水系景观廊道构建模式研究——以西安沣水为例”(2019C09)。
关键词
唐宋都城
公共园林
开放化
大众游憩
比较借鉴
the capitals in Tang and Song Dynasties
public gardens
openness
public recreation
comparative reference
