摘要
如果我们坚持逻辑学是一种有关思想的规范科学,一个备受争议的棘手问题就是:逻辑规范本身何以具有合法性?或曰,逻辑规范的基础是先验的,还是后验的?既不同于现代流行的各种逻辑主义思路,也不同于过去及当今各种版本的心理主义,也不同于那种直接把数学作为逻辑学基础的素朴观点,皮尔士主张:作为规范科学之一,逻辑学首先依赖另一类规范科学即伦理学,而包括逻辑学在内的整个规范科学都必须奠基于现象学之上。这是因为,现象学作为哲学科学的第一分部,它是有关经验或现象的最基础科学,任何其他有关生活世界的哲学科学(包括逻辑学)都依赖现象学家对于现象基本结构的分析。皮尔士有关逻辑奠基的此种现象学路径也让人想起,胡塞尔、海德格尔等其他现象学家的工作对于当代逻辑哲学问题的相关性。
If we insist that logic is the normative science about how we should think,a much difficult question is always that how logical norms are justified,either a priori or a posteriori.Being different from the popular logi-cist views,from all varieties of psychologism,and from the ancient opinion that mathematics is just more foundational than logic,C.S.Peirce argued that logic as just one of the three normative sciences relys on the principles of ethics,and that all the normative sciences including logic must be founded on phenomenology.According to Peirce,phenomenology,as the first division of Philosophy,is the most foundational of all sciences that study and analyze our experience,and any of the other sciences,including logic,relys on the phenomenological analysis of the basic structure of phenomenon.Peirce's approach to justifying logic reminds us of more relevance of the other phenomenologists such as Husserl and Heidegger to contemporary discussions in philosophy of logic.
出处
《哲学门》
CSSCI
2014年第2期289-304,共16页
Beida Journal of Philosophy
基金
教育部研究基地重大项目“知行哲学的当代研究”(项目号11JJD720019)
上海市哲学社会科学规划课题“古典实用主义推理论研究”(项目号2013BZX002)的阶段性成果。
