摘要
【目的】黑斑病是月季露地种植中的重要病害,其病原菌为蔷薇盘二孢(Marssonina rosae),筛选出抗黑斑病的月季种质资源是月季抗病育种的物质基础。【方法】为了筛选出高抗黑斑病月季种质资源,于月季黑斑病盛发期,对野生蔷薇属9个组的46份野生种进行黑斑病室内鉴定和田间鉴定的抗病性评价。对筛选出的免疫材料和高感材料进行超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、多酚氧化酶(PPO)等3种酶活性的测定,并利用电镜扫描对其进行叶片组织结构形态观察。【结果】室内鉴定结果与田间鉴定结果基本一致。46份蔷薇属种质资源中鉴定出2份免疫材料,13份高抗材料。感染黑斑病后,3种酶活性抗病品种均比感病品种高,感病野生种粉红香水月季的PPO活性上升幅度最大,达到767.78%。扫描电镜观察显示免疫材料金樱子叶表皮细胞排列紧密,蜡质层密质均匀,气孔开合度小,叶片结构不易感染黑斑病原菌;高感材料粉红香水月季叶表皮细胞排列疏松,蜡质层疏散不均匀,气孔开合度大,叶片结构较易感染黑斑病原菌。【结论】叶片酶活性、叶片表皮蜡质层和气孔开合度可以作为黑斑病抗性筛选的初步鉴定指标。筛选出的黑斑病免疫及高抗野生种质资源,可作为抗病育种亲本材料,利用杂交育种或分子育种等手段,选育出高抗黑斑病的月季新品种。
【Objective】Black spot disease was an important disease in the process of rose field planting.The pathogen was Marsonina rosae and breeding rose varieties with resistance to black spot was one of the main ways to resist black spot.【Method】In order to screen out the rose germplasm resources with high resistance to black spot,46 wild rose species from 9 groups of Rosa were evaluated for resistance to black spot in laboratory and field.The activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),peroxidase(POD)and polyphenol oxidase(PPO)were measured in the selected immune and highly sensitive materials,and the leaf tissue structure was observed by scanning electron microscope.【Result】The results showed that the indoor identification results were basically consistent with the field identification results.Among 46 Rosa germplasm resources,2 immune materials and 13 high resistance materials were identified.After infected with black spot disease,the activity of 3 enzymes of resistant varieties was higher than that of susceptible varieties.The PPO activity of susceptible Wild R.odorata var.erubescens reached 767.78%.Scanning electron microscopy showed that the epidermal cells of the cotyledons of Rosa laevigata were closely arranged,the wax layer was dense and uniform,the stomatal opening and closing degree was small,and the leaf structure was not easy to be infected with black spot pathogen;the high sensitive material of Rosa odorata var.erubescens rose leaves were loose,the waxy layer was not evenly distributed,the stomatal opening degree was large,and the leaf structure was more susceptible to black spot pathogens.【Conclusion】Leaf enzyme activity,leaf cuticular wax layer and stomatal opening and closing degree can be used as preliminary identification indexes for resistance screening of black spot.The wild germplasm resources screened in the present experiment could be used as parents for disease resistance breeding,and new rose varieties with high resistance to black spot could be selected by means of cross breeding o
作者
郭艳红
张颢
陈宇春
蹇洪英
陈敏
唐开学
邱显钦
GUO Yan-hong;ZHANG Hao;CHEN Yu-chun;JIAN Hong-ying;CHEN Min;TANG Kai-xue;QIU Xian-qin(Institute of Flowers,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Yunnan Kunming 650205,China;College of Life Sciences,Yunnan University,Yunnan Kunming 650091,China;National Ornamental Horticultural Engineering Technology Research Center,Yunnan Kunming 650205,China)
出处
《西南农业学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第8期1637-1642,共6页
Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家重点研发项目(2019YFD1000400,2018YFD1000400)
云南省科技厅科技人才引进与培养专项“科技领军人才”(2016HA005)
云南省青年拔尖人才培养项目
云南省技术创新人才培养项目(2019HB064)。
关键词
蔷薇盘二孢
蔷薇属
抗病性评价
电镜扫描
酶活性
Black spot disease
Marssonina rosae
Resistance evaluation
Scanning electron microscope
Enzymatic activity
