摘要
近年来,我国关于社会信用的政策文件层出不穷,社会信用体系建设的相关实践探索不断推进。自贸区充分发挥制度创新的历史使命和功能定位,创新信用监管模式,推进社会信用体系建设。目前,自贸区以信用监管为中心,在信用信息共享平台建设、事中事后监管、企业自我管理和信用信息应用中已取得一定成果,发挥着优化监管,促进义务履行等作用,并在全国范围内铺开。从性质上来看,自贸区的信用监管措施对相对人的权利和义务产生重大影响,是一种威力极强的新型行政监管手段。此外,自贸区还存在过度监管、监管依据不足、与上位法抵触等风险,因此,需要用法治的框架和原则进行约束。总而言之,自贸区信用监管措施不能被任意设定与实施,其必须受到创设依据、适用范围、程序设置等方面的法律控制。
In recent years, policy documents on social credit system have been emerging in an endless stream and relevant practical exploration of the construction of social credit system has been continuously promoted. Shanghai Free Trade Zone has given full play to its historical mission and functional positioning of institutional innovation, helping to build credit supervision model, and to promote the construction of social credit system. At present, centering on credit regulation, Shanghai Free Trade Zone has made certain achievements in the construction of credit information sharing platforms, regulation in process and afterwards, enterprise self-management and the application of credit information, and are playing the roles of optimizing regulation and facilitating the performance of obligations. Its regulatory experience has been spread nationwide. From the point of view of legal nature, as a new powerful administrative supervision means, the credit supervision measures have a significant impact on the rights and obligations of the counterparties. In addition, it also has the risk of excessive regulation, lacking regulatory basis, and is in conflict with superior law, so it needs to be constrained by the legal framework and principles of the rule of law. To sum up, the credit supervision measures in Shanghai Free Trade Zone cannot be arbitrarily designed or implemented, and must be subject to legal control in terms of creation basis, scope of application, and procedural setup.
作者
谭咏卉
TAN Yonghui(Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shangai 200030)
出处
《宁波开放大学学报》
2021年第2期77-83,共7页
Journal of Ningbo Open University
基金
安徽法治与社会安全研究中心项目“行政法视野下的信用惩戒制度法治化研究”(fzsh2018cx-17)的部分研究成果。
关键词
上海自贸区
信用体系建设
信用监管
信用评价
事中事后监管
Shanghai Free Trade Area
Social Credit System Construction
Credit Supervision
Credit Evaluation
Regulation in Process and Afterwards
