摘要
目的调查苏州市发热伴血小板减少综合征媒介蜱类生态学特征,为蜱媒疾病的防控提供依据。方法分别在苏州市的虎丘区、吴中区、吴江区、张家港市、常熟市、昆山市和太仓市7个区域设立调查点,于2018年和2019年4—11月,采用布旗法调查植被中的游离蜱;采用宿主体检蜱法调查家养动物寄生蜱;用鼠笼捕捉小型野生动物,检查全身寄生蜱。每月调查1次。结果共采集硬蜱6881只,隶属于硬蜱科的血蜱属、扇头蜱属和硬蜱属。蜱种分别是褐黄血蜱(4569只,66.40%)、铃头血蜱(1788只,25.98%)、血红扇头蜱(349只,5.07%)、长角血蜱(166只,2.41%)、雉鸡血蜱(4只)、豪猪血蜱(2只)、台湾血蜱(1只)和硬蜱属spp.(2只)。动物寄生蜱共检获3575只,蜱种有铃头血蜱(1784只,49.90%)、褐黄血蜱(1308只,36.59%)、血红扇头蜱(349只,9.76%)、长角血蜱(133只,3.72%)和雉鸡血蜱(1只,0.03%)。植被中的游离蜱共采集3306只,蜱种分别是褐黄血蜱(3261只,98.64%)、长角血蜱(33只,1.02%)、铃头血蜱(4只,0.12%)、雉鸡血蜱(3只,0.09%)、豪猪血蜱(2只,0.06%)、台湾血蜱(1只,0.03%)、硬蜱属spp.(2只,0.06%)。动物平均染蜱率为31.49%,黄鼬染蜱率为100%,刺猬92.86%,犬32.26%,山羊和绵羊分别是31.30%和21.43%,家猫4.55%。结论苏州市蜱种较丰富,分布广泛。褐黄血蜱为优势蜱种,铃头血蜱是第二大种群,动物染蜱率较高,因此蜱媒疾病传播风险较高。
Objective To investigate the ecological characteristics of vector ticks of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome in Suzhou,and provide guide for the control of tick-borne diseases.Methods The drag-flat method was used for questing ticks collection from vegetation,the host physical examination method for the parasitic ticks collection from domestic animals and small wild animals,and the rat trap cages for capture small wild animals in Huqiu District,Wuzhong District,Wujiang District,Zhangjiagang City,Changshu City,Kunshan City and Taicang City once per month from April to November in 2018 and 2019.Results A total of 6881 hard ticks were collected in the study area,consisting of 3 genuses and 9 species.They were identified as Haemaphysallis flava(4569,66.40%),H.campanulata(1788,25.98%),Rhipicephalus sanguineus(349,5.07%),H.longicornis(166,2.41%),H.phasiana(4),H.hystricis(2),H.formosensi(1)and Ixodes spp.(2)respectively.The 3575 feeding ticks collected from animals,belonged to H.campanulata(1784,49.90%),H.flava(1308,36.59%),R.sanguineus(349,9.76%),H.longicornis(133,3.72%)and H.phasiana(1,0.03%).There were 3306 questing ticks collected from vegetation,belonging to H.flava(3261,98.64%),H.longicornis(33,1.02%),H.campanulata(4,0.12%),H.phasiana(3,0.09%),H.hystricis(2,0.06%),H.formosensis(1,0.03%),Ixodes spp.(2,0.06%)respectively.The general tick infestation rate was 31.49%in animals,100%in yellow weasels,92.86%in hedgehogs,32.26%in dogs,31.30%in goats,21.43%in sheep and 4.55%in cat.Conclusion The species of tick are abundant and distributed widely in Suzhou.H.flava is the dominant species,followed by H.campanulata.The tick infestation rates of the animals are high,showing a high risk of tick borne diseases.
作者
马桢红
陈学良
孙爱娟
顾灯安
杨波
许圆
MA Zhen-hong;CHEN Xue-liang;SUN Ai-juan;GU Deng-an;YANG Bo;XU Yuan(Suzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Suzhou 215004,China)
出处
《中华卫生杀虫药械》
CAS
2021年第4期324-329,共6页
Chinese Journal of Hygienic Insecticides and Equipments
基金
苏州市卫生科技项目(编号:Gwzx201702)。
关键词
蜱类
种群
游离蜱
寄生蜱
染蜱率
ticks
population
questing ticks
feeding ticks
tick infestation rate
