摘要
《民法典》的成功编纂拉开中国法典化时代的序幕,为各部门法法典化提供时代契机与立法氛围。既有的立法模式下自然资源法呈现整体缺乏系统性、法律文件数量庞杂、体系结构失衡、内容矛盾冲突、应有规范空白或缺失等诸多负面表征。既有立法模式引发的诸多负面表征仅是自然资源法律体系面临问题的表象,并不能直指自然资源法律体系真正的症结。自然资源法的各类负面表征可以归结为自然资源法律复杂化。解决自然资源法律复杂化是根治自然资源法诸多负面表征的关键,也是自然资源法更换立法模式的内在动因,能够实现自然资源法律体系系统化的立法模式是根治问题的良药。法典化立法模式从立法技术和立法体例上可以实现自然资源法的系统性重塑,自然资源法作为独立的部门法具备法典化改造的现实可行性。自然资源法的系统性功能则需要通过自然资源法典的实质性构建得以实现。适度法典化模式是所有编纂模式中最值得参考且风险较低的模式,基于此种模式在自然资源立法方面缺乏实践,因此自然资源法典的具体编纂还需要在本土实践下进行探索和创新。将生态整体主义作为环境法典的逻辑基础,既是自然资源法律体系内在逻辑性的体现,也是生态系统运行规律在法律中的表达。自然资源法典应采用潘德克顿式编纂方法,编纂体例包含总则和分则。自然资源法典总则基于立法目的、基本原则、法律关系等基本内容展开。分则分编的关键在于自然资源法律关系的类型化梳理,通过对人类开发和利用自然资源的行为方式进行归类,可得到两种自然资源法律关系类型:利用性自然资源关系和获取性自然资源关系。在两种自然资源法律关系类型的基础上,以各类自然资源为分类标准编纂各编。
The successful compilation of the Civil Code of the People’s Republic of China has opened the prelude of the codification era in China,and provided the opportunity and legislative atmosphere for the codification of laws in various departments.Under the existing legislative mode,the natural resources law presents many negative characteristics,such as the overall lack of systematicness,the disorderliness of legal documents,the imbalance of system structure,the contradictions and conflicts in contents,and the absence of due norms.Many negative representations caused by the existing legislative mode are only the appearance of the problems faced by the legal system of natural resources,and cannot directly point to the real crux of the legal system of natural resources.The negative characteristics of the natural resources law can be attributed to the complexity of various elements in the natural resources law,the solution of which is the key to the eradication of many negative characteristics of the natural resources law,and is also the internal motivation to change the legislative mode of the natural resources law.The legislative mode that can realize the systematization of the natural resources law is the best solution to the eradication of the problem.The codified legislative mode can realize the systematic remolding of the natural resources law from the perspective of legislative technology and legislative style.As an independent department law,the natural resources law has the practical feasibility of codification remolding.The systematic function of the natural resources law needs to be realized through the substantial construction of the natural resources code.The moderate codification model is the most worthy of reference and the one with low risk among all the codification models.Due to the lack of practice in natural resources legislation,the specific codification of natural resources code still needs to be explored and innovated under the local practice.Taking ecological holism as the logical basis of the
作者
黄锡生
杨睿
HUANG Xisheng;YANG Rui(School of Law,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China)
出处
《中国人口·资源与环境》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第8期101-111,共11页
China Population,Resources and Environment
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目“生态文明法律制度建设研究”(批准号:14ZDC029)
最高人民法院2019年度司法研究重大课题“行政案件繁简分流改革研究”(批准号:ZGFYZDKT201911-01)
中国法学会能源法研究会委托课题“生态文明视野下能源资源优化配置制度研究”(批准号:NYF2019101)。
关键词
自然资源法典
立法模式
生态整体主义
自然资源法律关系
natural resources code
legislative mode
ecological holism
legal relations of natural resources
