摘要
近年来,水资源利用超载导致新疆生产建设兵团(下称“兵团”)生产生态问题频发,科学精准评估水资源承载现状能够为兵团社会经济发展和生态环境治理提供重要参考。兵团社会经济用水中绝大部分为灌溉用水,因此耕地面积数据精度显著影响水资源承载现状评价结果,然而现实中耕地面积统计数据存在一定偏差,增加了水资源承载现状评估的不确定性。基于此,通过引入Google Earth Engine(GEE)大数据平台和净耕地系数,精确修订耕地面积;并模拟常规灌溉、膜上灌溉和混合灌溉3种灌溉用水情景,构建三生用水核算体系,对兵团及各师水资源承载现状进行精准评估。结果表明:兵团耕地校正系数为1.27,说明兵团耕地面积有约27%的偏差;在与实际用水相近的混合灌溉情景中,基于耕地面积统计数据的兵团总需水量为106.45×10^(8) m^(3),相对兵团总引水量尚有9.20%余量;通过GEE校正耕地面积后,兵团总需水量为125.64×10^(8) m^(3),超载7.16%,且13个师中仅四师和十师2个师用水量不超载,表明灌溉用水过度占用有限的水资源量、挤占大量生态用水,是导致兵团水资源超载和生产生态问题频发的关键。本研究实现了对兵团水资源承载现状的科学精准评估,能够为兵团水资源利用及优化配置、区域可持续发展提供参考。
In recent years,a series of production and ecological environmental problems have occurred frequently because of the overloading of water resources utilized by the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps(XJPCC)in China.Assessing the water carrying capacity of an area can precisely provide reference to socioeconomic development and ecological environment management of the XJPCC.Considering that irrigation water accounts for most of the total socioeconomic water consumption of the XJPCC,the precise level of cultivated land area significantly influences the accurate assessment of the water carrying status.However,the statistics of cultivated land area shows inaccuracies,which increase the uncertainty in the water carrying status assessment.For these reasons,the Google Earth Engine(GEE)platform and net cultivated land coefficient were used to precisely obtain the proportion of cultivated land in this research.In this study,three scenarios were simulated on the basis of different irrigation quotas;these scenarios were the conventional irrigation,irrigation on a plastic film,and mixed standard irrigation scenarios.The total water requirement under the three scenarios could be regarded as the maximum,minimum,and middle values of the XJPCC theoretically.Besides the estimation of the irrigation water requirement for planting,a“living-production-ecology”water resources utilization accounting system was constructed for the accurate assessment of the water resource carrying status of the total XJPCC and of each division.The results show that the correction coefficient of cultivated land of the XJPCC is 1.27,which indicates that the inaccuracy in statistics is approximately 27%.In the mixed standard irrigation scenario,the scenario closest to the existing situation,the total water demand of the XJPCC was 106.45×10^(8) m^(3) before the correction of the inaccuracy in the actual cultivated land use value;in this scenario,a 9.20%surplus in the total water diversion of the XJPCC was calculated.However,considering the revi
作者
李婧昕
许尔琪
张红旗
LI Jingxin;XU Erqi;ZHANG Hongqi(Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)
出处
《干旱区地理》
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第5期1417-1426,共10页
Arid Land Geography
基金
中国科学院A类战略性先导科技专项(XDA20040201)
国家自然科学基金项目(41671097)。
