摘要
随着生产力的发展,人类在开发活动中导致的植被破坏、水源污染、土壤污染等生态环境问题日益突出,人类活动与自然环境之间的矛盾和保障人类社会的可持续发展已经成为急需解决的问题。利用最小累积阻力模型(MCR)对1990—2019年卡拉麦里地区的生态安全格局变化规律进行分析,并结合元胞自动机-马尔可夫模型(CA-Markov)对2025年本地区的生态安全格局进行预测。结果表明:(1)将卡拉麦里地区的生态安全格局分为安全区、低安全区及不安全区,安全区的面积在2010—2015年萎缩至3237.31 km^(2),主要转化为低安全区及不安全区,这一时期的人类活动严重影响到了本区的生态环境。(2)2019年,安全区面积为6265.91 km^(2),低安全区及不安全区基本恢复为自然状态,生态治理工作取得良好效果。(3)预测可知,2025年卡拉麦里地区景观格局变化不大,仍以草地、未利用地为主。生态安全区面积6421.88 km^(2),低安全区及不安全区面积有继续下降趋势。(4)在卡山保护区中部的交通路线附近形成了一条带状低安全区,将成为今后保护区生态监测与保护的重点区域。
The Kalamaili Mountain Ungulate Nature Reserve(Kalamaili Reserve)is an important wildlife reserve in northern Xinjiang,China with high ecological conservation values.From 2005 to 2015,intense human development in Kalamaili region severely damaged the local ecological environment,dramatically reducing the number of khulan(Equus hemionus)and other large wildlife.Since 2015,the quality of the Kalamaili region ecology has improved dramatically due to the development of ecological protection and restoration.Against this backdrop,the article is based on Landsat images of 1990,2000,2005,2010,2015,and 2019 and data on the natural and human condition in the study area.In addition,the Minimum Cumulative Resistance(MCR)model was used to study changes in the ecological security patterns of Kalamaili Reserve from 1990 to 2019.Furthermore,the cellular Automata-Markov(CA-Markov)model was combined to predict the ecological security pattern of the region in 2025.Next,important factors affecting the ecological security of Kalamaili Reserve were analyzed.There is specific guiding importance for preserving the ecological environment and wildlife in Kalamaili Reserve.The results suggest that(1)ecological security patterns can be divided into safe,low-safe,and unsafe zones.The safe zone shrank to 3237.31 km^(2) from 2010 to 2015,changing mainly to low-safe and unsafe zones.Human activity during this period had a severe impact on the ecological environment of the region.(2)The area of the safe zone was 6265.91 km^(2) in 2019.Low-safe and unsafe zones have basically been restored to their natural state,indicating good results based on ecological governance efforts.(3)The Kalamaili Region landscape pattern is not expected to change significantly by 2025.Grasslands and unused land still dominate the region.The area of ecologically safe zone will increase to 6421.88 km^(2),and the low-safe and unsafe zones will continue to decrease.(4)A belt of the low-safe zone will be formed near the traffic route in the middle of the Kalamaili Reserve,w
作者
赵晓峰
王金林
王珊珊
王权
ZHAO Xiaofeng;WANG Jinlin;WANG Shanshan;WANG Quan(State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology,Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Urumqi 830011,Xinjiang,China;Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Digital Geology,Urumqi 830011,Xinjiang,China;Xinjiang Research Centre for Mineral Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Urumqi 830011,Xinjiang,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Shizuoka University,Shizuoka 422-8529,Japan)
出处
《干旱区地理》
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第5期1396-1406,共11页
Arid Land Geography
基金
新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发计划项目(2017B03017-2)。
