摘要
【目的】为沙棘不同生长阶段采取相应的管理措施及适时采收提供参考。【方法】以2014年春季栽植的8个俄罗斯第三代大果沙棘品种为研究对象,比较其果实物候期、果实特性指标及果实生长节律,并对果实的纵横径与10粒果实质量的相关性进行分析。【结果】引进的沙棘品种在辽西地区4月中旬至下旬开花,果实大多在7月成熟,均属于早熟品种,百果质量为37.37~82.01 g。从开始坐果至6月中旬,即果实生长前期,果实纵径生长速度大于果实横径,果形指数下降幅度较大,6月下旬果实纵径和横径的生长速度因品种不同而不同,7月上旬、中旬果实成熟品种在果实成熟前10 d至果实完全成熟时果实质量增加幅度最大。在果实生长过程中,不同品种的果实纵径、横径与10粒果实质量之间极显著线性相关(F>F0.01),果实纵径与横径也极显著线性相关。【结论】6月是沙棘果实生长的关键期,果实成熟前10 d,果实内含物快速形成、质量增加显著,因此,在此期间应加强沙棘园的肥水管理,促进果实合成更多的内含物,提高果实品质。在果实完全成熟时可根据果实的横径、纵径预测各俄罗斯第三代沙棘品种的百果质量;在不确定品种的情况下,也可以根据果实横径、纵径预测俄罗斯第三代大果沙棘果实的质量。
【Objective】The reference for management measures and timely harvesting at different growth stages of seabuckthorn was provided.【Method】8 third-generations seabuckthorn cultivars introduced from Russian were planted in the spring of 2014 were used as research materials to compare the fruit phenology,fruit characteristics and fruit growth rhythm,and to analyze the correlation between the longitudinal diameters,transverse diameters and the mass of 10 berries.【Result】The introduced seabuckthorn cultivars bloomed from mid-April to late April in western Liaoning,and most berries matured in July.They all belong to early maturing varieties,and the 100-berry-mass ranged from 37.37 g to 82.01 g.From the beginning of fruitage to mid-June,which was the primary growth period of berry,the growth rate of the berry longitudinal diameter was greater than that of the transverse diameter,and the decline range of the fruit shape index was larger.At late June the growth rate of the longitudinal diameter and the transverse diameter of berry was varied with different cultivars.Before 10 d to fully maturation,the berry mass increased rate of the introduced sea-buckthorn cultivars that matured in early-July or mid-July was the largest.There was a significant linear correlation between the horizontal diameters or longitudinal diameters and the 10-berry-mass of different varieties,and there was also a significant linear correlation between the horizontal diameters and the longitudinal diameters.【Conclusion】June is a critical stage of berry growth.10 days before berry ripening,the contents and mass of berry increases significantly.Therefore,fertilization and irrigation should be strengthened during this growth period in order to promote the contents and quality of berries.Hundred fruit mass of each cultivar could be predicted by the horizontal and vertical diameters of the berry when the berry is fully ripe;the berry mass could be also predicted by the size of transverse diameter and longitudinal diameter of berry when culti
作者
戈素芬
张东为
任丽华
胡建忠
温秀凤
GE Sufen;ZHANG Dongwei;REN Lihua;HU Jianzhong;WEN Xiufeng(Institute of Agriculture and Forestry in Arid Areas of Liaoning Province,Chaoyang 12200,Liaoning,China;Seabuckthorn Development and Management Center,Ministry of Water Resources,Beijing 100038,China)
出处
《经济林研究》
北大核心
2021年第3期49-57,共9页
Non-wood Forest Research
基金
水利部948项目“俄罗斯第三代沙棘良种引进”(201216)。
关键词
俄罗斯第三代大果沙棘
果实特性指标
果实生长节律
相关性分析
the third generation of Russian large berry seabuckthorn
characteristic indexes of berry
berry growth rhythm
correlation analysis
