摘要
对产自中国川渝地区的“Proboselaphus watasei Matsumoto,1915”的分类学修订表明,这一属种名称是无效的。其正型标本为属于同一个体的颅骨及下颌骨,现收藏于日本千叶县国立历史民俗博物馆,由直良信夫重新发现。基于有角类的一些一般特征,如细小的骨质角芯和高冠的颊齿,“Proboselaphus watasei”在建立时被认为与南亚地区现生蓝牛(Boselaphus tragocamelus)亲缘关系密切。然而,对正型标本的重新观察表明,其颅骨及牙齿的形态具有鹿科的典型特征,如额顶面向背侧弯曲,基枕骨轮廓呈三角形,以及臼齿具有相互分离的前叶和后叶。正型标本的臼齿形态与水鹿(Cervus unicolor)具有相似性,二者均具有显著的附属结构(刺、齿带以及附尖),并且与中国南方地区更新世地层中的Cervus cf.C.unicolor大小相仿。这一修订表明,更新世期间没有任何蓝牛冠群成员扩散至东亚地区。
A taxonomic revision of Proboselaphus watasei Matsumoto,1915(Bovidae,Artiodactyla)from the Pleistocene of Chuanyu area,China demonstrates that this genus and species names are invalid.The holotype with a skull and mandibles was recently rediscovered in the fossil collection by Nobuo Naora,which is housed in the National Museum of Japanese History,Chiba Prefecture,Japan.Proboselaphus watasei was described as a closelyrelated species to living nilgai,or Boselaphus tragocamelus,in South Asia,based on general characteristics of pecorans,such as small bony horn-cores and hypsodont cheek teeth.However,the cranial and dental morphologies re-examined in the present study clearly show that the holotype has cervid-specific characteristics:e.g.,the fronto-parietal surface curving dorsally,the basioccipital with a triangular outline,and molars with isolated anterior and posterior lobes.The molars of the holotype are comparable to those of Cervus unicolor,in having strong accessary structures(or spurs,cingulums/cingulids,and styles/stylids),and are as large as those of Cervus cf.C.unicolor from the Pleistocene deposits in southern China.This taxonomic change suggests that any crown-boselaphins had not dispersed into East Asia since the Pleistocene.
作者
西冈佑一郎
甲能直树
工藤雄一郎
NISHIOKA Yuichiro;KOHNO Naoki;KUDO Yuichiro(Museum of Natural and Environmental History,Shizuoka Shizuoka 422-8017,Japan;Tsukuba Research Departments,National Museum of Nature and Science,Tokyo Ibaraki 305-0005,Japan;Gakushuin Women’s College Tokyo 162-8650,Japan)
出处
《古脊椎动物学报（中英文）》
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第3期200-212,共13页
Vertebrata Palasiatica
基金
日本国立历史民俗博物馆联合研究项目[2017-2019]资助。
