摘要
近年来,由于更严格的环境标准和工业需求,催化技术得到突飞猛进的发展。金属纳米粒子由于其独特的性质,如高表面能、等离子体激发、量子限制效应等,成为环境、电子、材料等科学领域的关键元件。随着金属纳米颗粒尺寸的减小和分散性的提高,活性中心的结构缺陷逐渐凸显,同时产生的尺寸效应极大的改善了催化反应活性和选择性。因此,为了充分利用纳米催化剂的优势,本文结合调控金属粒径大小的研究现状,依据不同的合成原理,重点介绍了反胶束法、物理气相沉积法、化学气相沉积法、喷雾热解法和光刻法的原理和特点及其他调控方法,总结了纳米颗粒尺寸大小在大气污染防治领域的典型应用,并展望了金属纳米粒子的发展趋势和应用前景,为高性能催化剂的设计和制备提供参考.
In recent years,due to more stringent environmental standards and industrial needs,catalytic technology has been developed rapidly.Due to their unique properties,such as high surface energy,plasma excitation,quantum confinement effect,metal nanoparticles have become the key components in the field of environment,electronics,materials and other scientific fields.With the decrease of metal nanoparticles size and the increase of dispersion,the structural defects of the active center are gradually highlighted,and the size effect greatly improves the catalytic activity and selectivity.Therefore,in order to make full use of the advantages of nanocatalysts,the principle and characteristics of reverse micelle method,physical vapor deposition method,chemical vapor deposition method,spray pyrolysis and photolithography method and other control methods are introduced in this paper according to the research status of controlling metal particle size and different synthesis principles.The typical application of nanoparticle size in the field of air pollution control is summarized,and the development trend and application prospect of metal nanoparticles are prospected,which provides reference for the design and preparation of high performance catalysts.
作者
田睿
陆继长
赵雨桐
曹小华
张文君
罗永明
TIAN Rui;LU Jichang;ZHAO Yutong;CAO Xiaohua;ZHANG Wenjun;LUO Yongming(Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming,650500,China;The Innovation Team for Volatile Organic Compounds Pollutants Control and Resource Utilization of Yunnan Province,Kunming,650500,China;The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Odorous Volatile Organic Compounds Pollutants Control of Yunnan Province,Kunming,650500,China)
出处
《环境化学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第8期2450-2461,共12页
Environmental Chemistry
基金
国家自然科学基金(42030712,21667016,21966018,21666013)
云南省教育厅科学研究基金(2020J0060)
云南省基础研究计划青年项目(202101AU070025)
云南省基础研究重点专项项目(202101AS070026)资助.
关键词
金属
纳米催化剂
合成方法
颗粒尺寸
应用
metal
nanocatalyst
synthesis method
particle size
application
