摘要
跨学科知识生产在当代知识生产中具有重要的地位与价值。对近20年间164位诺贝尔自然科学奖得主的案例剖析发现,诺贝尔自然科学奖跨学科性表现在知识生产过程与知识生产主体两方面。跨学科知识生产的类型包括理论与概念的跨学科借鉴融合、研究成果的跨学科应用与转化。知识生产主体的跨学科性则表现在研究者自身的教育与工作经历,以及家庭社会关系等方面。跨学科知识生产方式既包括共时空多学科团队合作、多中心跨机构协同创新等组织方式,也包括研究者个体跨时空的思维对话和跨域跨界流动。跨学科知识生产是共时空与跨时空、组织制度构建与人的跨界流动交叠并行的创新过程,与跨学科组织建设相比,跨学科思维和跨学科合作意识的培养更为重要。重大创新的跨学科实践与发生机制是复杂多样的,不仅可能表现在理论视角的相互融合与借鉴,还可能表现为理论与应用的交互作用,是多重交叉中“量的积累”后的“质的飞跃”。
Interdisciplinary knowledge production plays an important role in contemporary knowledge production.Through the case analysis of 164 Nobel laureates'interdisciplinary experiences,achievements and research mechanisms in the past 20 years,it is found that the interdisciplinary nature of the Nobel Prize in natural science is reflected in the process and subject of knowledge production.The types of interdisciplinary knowledge production include interdisciplinary reference and integration of theories and concepts,and interdisciplinary application and transformation of research results.The interdisciplinary nature of the subject of knowledge production is manifested in the researchers’own education and work experiences,as well as family and social relations.The modes of interdisciplinary knowledge production include organizational methods such as team cooperation in the same time and same space,and multi-center and inter-institutional collaborative innovation.It also includes inter-temporal and inter-disciplinary thinking dialogues and cross-domain and cross-border flows of individual researchers.Interdisciplinary knowledge production is an innovation process that overlaps time and space,the construction of organizational systems,and the cross-border flow of people.Compared with the construction of interdisciplinary organizations,the cultivation of interdisciplinary thinking and cooperation awareness is more important.The interdisciplinary practice and generation mechanism of major innovations are complex and diverse.They may not only be manifested in the mutual integration and reference of theoretical perspectives,but also in the interaction between theory and application,which is a qualitative leap after quantitative accumulation in multiple intersections.
作者
李立国
赵阔
LI Li-guo;ZHAO Kuo
出处
《大学教育科学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第5期14-23,共10页
University Education Science
基金
教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目“我国博士生招生和培养规模结构质量问题研究”(20JZD051)。
关键词
跨学科
知识生产
诺贝尔自然科学奖
科技创新
interdisciplinary
knowledge production
Nobel Prize in natural science
technological innovation
