摘要
在不同类型土壤上,研究缓控释肥全层混施和种肥同播两种施用方式对夏玉米产量、肥料利用率及经济效益的影响。结果表明:在氮肥减施10%条件下,施用缓控释肥料在棕壤和砂姜黑土上采用种肥同播的方式均能获得较高产量,与习惯施肥相比,分别增产1.55%和1.77%;两种施肥方式均可大幅提高氮肥利用率,增幅为28.13%~37.45%;磷肥、钾肥利用率除了砂姜黑土试验区全层混施处理略有降低外,其他施肥处理均有所提高,磷肥利用率提高18.77%~35.78%,钾肥利用率提高22.12%~26.91%。与习惯施肥相比,棕壤试验区,两种施肥方式均能提高收益,其中种肥同播施肥方式收益较高,增收312.11元/hm^(2),砂姜黑土试验区,种肥同播施肥方式增收416.45元/hm^(2),全层混施处理略低,减少138.39元/hm^(2)。可见缓控释肥采用种肥同播施肥方式在不同类型土壤上均能提高夏玉米产量,大幅提高肥料利用率,最终获得较好的经济效益。
In different soil types of experimental areas,the effects of slow and controlled release fertilizer on summer maize yield,fertilizer use efficiency and economic benefit were studied.The results showed that under the condition of 10%reduction of nitrogen fertilizer,the application of slow and controlled release fertilizer in brown soil and Shajiang black soil could achieve higher yield by sowing seeds and fertilization at the same time,which increased by 1.55%and 1.77%respectively compared with conventional fertilization,and could greatly increase the nitrogen use efficiency by 28.13%~37.45%.The use efficiency of phosphate fertilizer and potassium fertilizer increased by 18.77%~35.78%and 22.12%~26.91%respectively except the whole-layer mixed application in Shajiang black soil experimental area.Compared with conventional fertilization,both fertilization methods could obtain higher income in brown soil experimental area,in which,the method of sowing seeds and fertilization at the same time could achieve higher benefit,and increased by 312.11 yuan/hm^(2).In Shajiang black soil experimental area,the fertilization method of sowing seeds and fertilization at the same time increased the economic benefit by 416.45 yuan/hm^(2),while the whole-layer mixed application treatment was slightly lower,which decreased by 138.39 yuan/hm^(2).It could be concluded that the slow and controlled release fertilizer increased the yield of summer maize and greatly improved the use efficiency of fertilizer in different types of soils,and finally considerable economic benefits could be obtained.
作者
史桂芳
董浩
于淑慧
朱国梁
牟小翎
郑铮
任寒
Shi Guifang;Dong Hao;Yu Shuhui;Zhu Guoliang;Mu Xiaoling;Zheng Zheng;Ren Han(Taian Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Taian 271000,China)
出处
《山东农业科学》
北大核心
2021年第8期80-84,共5页
Shandong Agricultural Sciences
基金
山东省重点研发计划项目(2014GNC113001)。
关键词
缓控释肥
棕壤
砂姜黑土
施肥方式
夏玉米
产量
肥料利用率
经济效益
Slow and controlled release fertilizer
Brown soil
Shajiang black soil
Fertilization mode
Summer maize
Yield
Fertilizer use efficiency
Economic benefit
