摘要
目的分析深圳市企业员工吸烟现状及其影响因素。方法采用多阶段随机抽样方法,于2018年8—11月从深圳市10个区抽取21家企业,每家企业调查约100名员工,不足100名员工的企业则全员参与调查,最终共纳入2269名调查对象。对调查对象进行问卷调查,共发放问卷2269份,回收问卷2269份,有效问卷2018份,问卷有效率为88.94%。收集调查对象人口学特征、吸烟情况、饮酒情况、健康状况等信息,采用多因素logistic回归,分析调查对象吸烟行为的影响因素。结果调查对象现在吸烟率是18.04%(364/2018)。男性现在吸烟率[34.55%(341/987)]明显高于女性[2.23%(23/1031)];24岁及以下年龄组调查对象现在吸烟率最高[25.75%(77/299)];已婚者现在吸烟率为14.54%(195/1341),明显低于非已婚者[24.96%(169/677)];文化程度为大专及以上者现在吸烟率最低[15.18%(97/639)];调查对象现在吸烟率随着饮酒频率的增加而升高[不喝酒者吸烟率为6.86%(94/1370),每天饮酒者吸烟率为69.23%(27/39)];自评健康状况差的调查对象现在吸烟率最高[40.24%(33/82)];差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)值分别为356.252、9.420、33.050、5.639、396.183、9.854,P值分别为0.000、0.002、0.000、0.018、0.000、0.002)。logistic回归分析显示,女性(OR=0.073,95%CI:0.045~0.118)、大专及以上文化程度(OR=0.379,95%CI:0.172~0.837)是调查对象吸烟行为的保护因素;非已婚(OR=1.496,95%CI:1.123~1.993)、自评健康状况差(OR=3.423,95%CI:1.882~6.228)是调查对象吸烟行为的危险因素;随着饮酒频率的增加,发生吸烟行为的风险升高,其中每天饮酒者发生吸烟行为的风险最高(OR=12.227,95%CI:5.398~27.695)。结论男性、非已婚、低文化程度、饮酒、自评健康状况差的企业员工发生吸烟行为的风险较高。
Objective To analyze the current status and influencing factors of smoking among employees in enterprises in Shenzhen.Methods Using a multi-stage random sampling method,a total of 2269 employees of 21 companies from 10 districts in Shenzhen between August and November 2018 were selected with average of 100 employees from each company.If companies had less than 100 employees,all employees were participated in the survey.A questionnaire survey was conducted,2269 questionnaires were distributed,and all the questionnaires were returned,2018 questionnaires were valid.The questionnaire validity rate was 88.94%.The demographic characteristics,smoking status,drinking status,and health status of the subjects were collected,and multi-factor logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of the smoking behaviors.Results The current smoking rate of survey subjects was 18.04%(364/2018),and males was significantly higher than females(34.55%(341/987)vs.2.23%(23/1031));subjects aged≤24 years had the highest current smoking rate(25.75%(77/299));the current smoking rate in married people(14.54%(195/1341))was significantly lower than that in non-married people(24.96%(169/677));those with college degree or above had the lowest current smoking rate(15.18%(97/639));the current smoking rate increased with increasing frequency of drinking(the smoking rate of non-drinkers was 6.86%(94/1370),and the smoking rate of daily drinkers was 69.23%(27/39));those with poor self-evaluated health status had the highest current smoking rate(40.24%(33/82)).The differences were statistically significant(χ^(2) values were 356.252,9.420,33.050,5.639,396.183 and 9.854,respectively;Pvalues were 0.000,0.002,0.000,0.018,0.000 and 0.002,respectively).Logistic regression analysis showed that female(OR=0.073,95%CI:0.045-0.118),college degree or above(OR=0.379,95%CI:0.172-0.837)were protective factors of smoking behavior.Non-married(OR=1.496,95%CI:1.123-1.993),poor self-evaluated health status(OR=3.423,95%CI:1.882-6.228)were risk factors of s
作者
曹黎
庄润森
张媛
韩铁光
CAO Li;ZHUANG Run-sen;ZHANG Yuan;HAN Tie-guang(Department of Health Promotion,Shenzhen Health Education and Promotion Center,Shenzhen 518001,China)
出处
《结核与肺部疾病杂志》
2021年第2期174-178,共5页
Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
基金
深圳市科创委基础应用项目(JCYJ20160429113732119)。
关键词
吸烟
人群监测
危险因素
横断面研究
Smoking
Population surveillance
Risk factors
Cross-sectional studies
