摘要
【目的】筛选在疫木中迅速定殖扩展且能抑制松材线虫生长和繁殖的木腐真菌,在抑制松材线虫生长的同时快速降解疫木的木材成分,从而实现疫木中松材线虫在被媒介昆虫传带前就被大幅减少或不能正常进入蛹室,即在侵染循环的疫木环节即被阻断的目标,为松材线虫病的有效防控提供参考。【方法】分别将2 000条松材线虫接种至培养成熟的不同木腐真菌菌落上,通过室内平板试验测定不同木腐真菌对松材线虫生长和繁殖的影响;其次,将黑松木块接种至筛选获得具有抑制松材线虫生长和繁殖作用的木腐真菌菌落上,探究其对黑松木材的降解作用。以此筛选出能明显影响松材线虫生长繁殖且具有分解木材能力的优良木腐真菌;最后将筛选获得的优良木腐真菌经大量液体培养和固体培养繁殖后接种至田间当年染松材线虫病60 cm长的伐倒松木木段上,分别于接种后的120和150 d用电钻钻孔取木样,后将木段劈开,收集天牛蛀道周围的木样,分离并统计木样内松材线虫数量,比较接种前后疫木内松材线虫数量的变化,分析木腐真菌对疫木中松材线虫种群的影响。【结果】在室内培养茯苓菌的平板上松材线虫不能成活,在黄孢原毛平革菌、B18、C11和D16菌落上松材线虫的生长和繁殖也明显受到抑制。以接种茯苓菌后木材的质量损失率最大(7.30%),其分解纤维素和半纤维素能力也最强,分解率分别为19.21%和29.65%;分解木质素能力最强的为黄孢原毛平革菌,分解率达到31.59%。在田间接种试验中,接种同种木腐真菌,以接种液体培养菌丝的效果优于接种固体培养菌丝的。不同木腐真菌中,以接种茯苓后减少疫木内的松材线虫数量显著优于接种其他木腐真菌处理的。接种茯苓液体培养菌丝和固体培养菌丝150 d后,均可最大程度减少疫木内松材线虫数量,减少率分别为74.51%和65.78%。接种�
【Objective】In this study,we aimed to screen out wood-rot fungi,which can significantly reduce the quantity of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus,and consequently,to prevent nematodes from entering the pupal chamber before being transported by vector insects.In this way,the goal of blocking the infection cycle of B.xylophilus in the plague wood link can be achieved.These wood-rot fungi should also rapidly colonize and expand in the plague wood to quickly degrade the wood components and change the microenvironment of plague wood.This study provides a reference for the effective prevention and control of pine wilt disease.【Method】First,2000 pine wood nematodes were inoculated on different wood-rot fungi colonies on mature wood,and the effects of different wood-rot fungi on the growth and reproduction of B.xylophilus were determined by indoor plate experiments.Second,black pine wood blocks were inoculated with wood-rot fungi that can inhibit the growth and reproduction of B.xylophilus to explore its degradative effects on black pine wood.Through these two experiments,excellent wood-rot fungi that can significantly affect the growth and reproduction of B.xylophilus,and have the ability to decompose wood,were selected.Finally,the selected ideal wood-rot fungi were inoculated on a 60 cm long felled wood segment infected with the disease in the field after a large number of liquid cultures and solid culture propagation.The wood samples were drilled with electric drills at 120 and 150 days after inoculation.After splitting the wood segments,the wood samples around the passage of longicorn were collected to count the number of B.xylophilus in the collected wood samples.We compared the changes in the number of B.xylophilus in the blight wood before and after inoculation,and analyzed the effect of the wood inoculated with wood-rot fungi on the population of B.xylophilus in the blight.【Result】B.xylophilus could not survive in the plate culture of Poria cocos.The growth and reproduction of B.xylophilus were also significan
作者
蒙海勤
叶建仁
王旻嘉
曹伊扬
MENG Haiqin;YE Jianren;WANG Minjia;CAO Yiyang(Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China,College of Forestry,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,China)
出处
《南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第4期183-189,共7页
Journal of Nanjing Forestry University：Natural Sciences Edition
基金
国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0600203)。
关键词
松材线虫病
松材线虫
疫木
木腐真菌
接种
除害处理
pine wilt disease
Bursaphelenchus xylophilus
plague wood
wood rot fungi
inoculation
pest control treatment
