摘要
以宁夏沙湖(东经106°19′6″~106°24′10″,北纬38°45′17″~38°49′42″)为研究对象,根据湖泊的地理状况布设了8个采样点,分别于2015年、2020年的7份月和10月份在沙湖湿地采样,按照浮游植物功能类群(FG)的划分方法将沙湖优势浮游植物划分16类;应用古生物学统计分析(PAST)软件计算香农-维纳(Shannon-Wiener)多样性指数(H′)、皮洛(Pielou)均匀度指数(J),应用统计产品和服务解决方案(SPSS)软件对各样点生物指数进行单因素方差分析,应用电子表格软件(Excel)计算丰度、生物量、优势度指数;分析沙湖生态修复前(2015年)、后(2020年)的浮游植物群落结构特征和生物多样性变化,检验沙湖生态修复效果。结果表明:生态修复后沙湖浮游植物种类增加,由2015年7门38种及其变种增加为2020年8门147种及其变种;藻类丰度与生物量显著增加,7月份最为明显,分别增加了44倍和4倍;优势种,7月份从18种减少至8种,10月份从6种增加至10种;浮游植物群落结构由绿藻-硅藻-蓝藻-金藻型,变为蓝藻-绿藻-硅藻型,优势度指数比生态修复前普遍升高,优势功能群中适应富营养环境的种类所占比例下降;生态修复后香农-维纳多样性指数(H′)降低。对比分析表明,生态修复后的浮游植物群落,虽种类更丰富但存在均匀化现象,仍处于不稳定的状态,而且沙湖存在一定程度的富营养化。
Taking Shahu Lake in Ningxia(106°19′6″-106°24′10″E,38°45′17″-38°49′42″N)as the research object,eight sampling sites were set up according to the geographical conditions of the lake.Samples were collected in July and October of 2015 and 2020,respectively.According to the classification method of functional phytoplankton group(FG),the dominant phytoplankton in Shahu Lake were divided into 16 groups.Shannon-wiener diversity index(H′)and Pielou evenness index(J)were calculated using the Paleontological Statistics(PAST),and the Statistical Product and Service Solutions(SPSS)software was used to carry out one-way ANOVA for various point biological indices.The abundance,biomass and dominance index were calculated by using Excel.The phytoplankton community structure characteristics before ecological restoration(in 2015)and after ecological restoration(in 2020)were compared and analyzed to learn the effect of ecological restoration in Shahu Lake.The phytoplankton species in Shahu Lake increased from 38 species of 7 phyla and their varieties in 2015 to 147 species of 8 phyla and their varieties in 2020.The abundance and biomass of phytoplankton in July increased by 44 and 4 times,respectively.The dominant species decreased from 18 to 8 in July and increased from 6 to 10 in October.The phytoplankton community structure changed from chlorobacteria-diatoma-cyanobacteria-chlorobacteria-diatom type to cyanobacteria-chlorobacteria-diatom type.The dominance index was generally increased compared with that before ecological restoration,and the proportion of species adapted to eutrophic environment in dominant functional group decreased.After ecological restoration,Shannon-Wiener diversity index(H′)decreased.By the comprehensive analysis,although the species of phytoplankton community are more abundant after ecological restoration,there is a phenomenon of homogenization,which is still in an unstable state,and there is a certain degree of eutrophication in the sand lake.
作者
翟昊
刘曼红
明霄阳
刘笳旻
商淋友
徐磊
于洪贤
Zhai Hao;Liu Manhong;Ming Xiaoyang;Liu Jiamin;Shang Linyou;Xu Lei;Yu Hongxian(Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,P.R.China)
出处
《东北林业大学学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第8期84-89,共6页
Journal of Northeast Forestry University
基金
青铜峡库区湿地自然保护区2021年中央财政资金项目:珍稀濒危野生动物保护项目(2021-99)。
关键词
生态修复
浮游植物
水质评价
宁夏沙湖
Ecological restoration
Phytoplankton
Water quality assessment
Shahu Lake,Ningxia
