摘要
为探究筑坝蓄水对黑河氮磷营养盐空间分布特征的影响,分别于2018年7月、2019年8月选取28个控制断面采集水样及沉积物进行检测,并采用方差分析法和Pearson相关分析法对不同空间尺度上的水体及沉积物氮磷分布特征进行研究。结果表明,黑河上中游水体氮磷含量基本满足Ⅲ类水质标准,其中水体氮素主要以氨氮(NH 3-N)的形式存在,沉积物氮素主要以硝态氮(NO 3-N)的形式存在。从分布特征来看,上游筑坝河段的水体总磷(TP)、沉积物总氮(TN)含量最高,水温、盐度、溶解氧(DO)是影响该河段氮磷分布的关键环境因子;中游自然河段的水体TP含量、沉积物TN含量次之,化学需氧量(COD)、水温、pH值是影响该河段氮磷分布的关键环境因子。畜牧养殖、矿物开采及工农业污水排放是黑河水体及沉积物氮磷营养物质的主要来源,而筑坝蓄水的滞留效应及其引起的环境因子变化是造成氮磷空间分布不均的主要原因。因此,控制人类活动造成的外源性污染源,并针对不同种类污染物的变化特征选择合理的水库运行方式,是改善黑河健康状况的关键。
For exploring the impact of damming and water-storing on spatial distribution of nutrients in the upper and middle reaches of the Heihe River,the spatial heterogeneity of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients in water samples and sediments collected from 28 different sampling sites from July to August in 2018 and 2019 was determined and analyzed.The results show that the content of nitrogen and phosphorus basically met the classⅢof water quality standard.Nitrogen in water mainly existed in the form of ammonia nitrogen(NH_(3)-N),while in sediments mostly in the form of nitrate nitrogen(NO_(3)-N)at the upper and middle reaches of Heihe River.From the perspective of distribution characteristics,the contents of total phosphorus(TP)and total nitrogen(TN)in sediment were the highest in the upstream dammed river.Water temperature(WT),salinity(SAL)and dissolved oxygen(DO)are the key environmental factors affecting the distribution of nitrogen and phosphorus;For the middle reaches,TP and TN contents are the second in natural river reach,and chemical oxygen demand(COD),water temperature and pH are the key environmental factors affecting the distribution of nitrogen and phosphorus.Livestock breeding,mineral mining,industrial and agricultural wastewater discharge are the main sources of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients in the Heihe River water.The retention effect of dam construction and the changes in environmental factors are main reasons for the uneven spatial distribution of nitrogen and phosphorus.Therefore,the key to improve the health condition of Heihe River is to control the exogenous pollution sources caused by human activities and implement a reasonable reservoir operation mode according to the changing characteristics of different types of pollutants.
作者
王昱
孔德星
冯起
张昕雨
左一锋
汪双
卢晗
WANG Yu;KONG De-xing;FENG Qi;ZHANG Xin-yu;ZUO Yi-feng;WANG Shuang;LU Han(Key Laboratory of Complementary Energy Supply System of Biomass Energy and Solar Energy in Gansu Province,School of Energy and Power Engineering,Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhou 730050,China;Key Laboratory of Ecohydrology of Inland River Basin,Northwest Institute of Eco-environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China)
出处
《生态与农村环境学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第8期1001-1010,共10页
Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment
基金
国家自然科学基金(51669011)
甘肃省自然科学基金重大项目(18JR4RA002)
甘肃省祁连山生态环境研究中心开放基金(QLS202006)。
关键词
黑河
梯级水库
营养盐
空间分布
相关性
Heihe River
cascade reservoir
nutrient
spatial distribution
correlation
