摘要
为探究矿区废弃地的自然演替特征,于2020年10月对滇东北两铅锌矿区废弃地进行植物群落调查和群落土样采集分析。结果表明:两区均受到较严重的重金属污染,土壤Pb、Mn、Zn、Cu和Cd的含量均超过相关背景值。其中,两区土壤Pb和Zn以及富乐镇矿区土壤Mn和Cd的有效态占比大体上都呈现随演替进行而降低的趋势,富乐镇矿区土壤Cu的有效态占比呈现随演替发生而先增后减的趋势,矿山镇矿区土壤Mn、Cu和Cd的有效态占比在不同演替阶段呈现不规则波动。两区土壤全氮随着演替的发生均呈现先增后减的趋势;两区土壤全磷含量变化趋势不同,矿山镇矿区呈现持续增加,富乐镇矿区则呈现先减后增;两区土壤有机质含量都呈现持续增加的趋势。在矿山镇矿区中,Pb和Zn、Pb和SOM呈极显著正相关性,Pb和TP、Mn和TN、Cd和TN、Zn和SOM、SOM和TN呈显著正相关性,Pb和Cu、Zn和Cu、Cu和SOM、Cu和TP呈显著负相关性。在富乐镇矿区中,Pb和Zn呈极显著正相关性,Zn和Mn、Zn和Cu、Zn和SOM、Pb和TP、SOM和TN呈显著正相关性,Pb和Cu、Zn和Cd、Cu和Cd呈显著负相关性。研究表明,矿区次生演替过程与废弃农田和灾后森林等生境的次生演替过程相似,土壤重金属元素的有效态会随演替发生而降低。研究结果可为矿区废弃地的自然恢复提供参考借鉴。
To investigate the natural succession characteristics of the abandoned land in the mining area,a plant community survey was conducted during October 2020,in two Pb-Zn mining areas of the northeastern Yunnan Province.Moreover,soil samples from the abandoned land were collected and analyzed.The results showed that both areas were highly polluted by heavy metals.The contents of Pb,Mn,Zn,Cu and Cd in the soil exceeded the relevant background values.In general,the soil Pb and Zn in the two areas and the effective proportions of Mn and Cd in the Fule town mining area showed a decreasing trend with the succession.The effective proportion of Cu in the Fule town mining area showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing with the succession.For the mining area of Kuangshan town,the effective proportions of Mn,Cu,and Cd in the soil showed irregular fluctuations in different succession stages.Similarly,the total nitrogen contents in the soil of the two areas first showed a trend of increasing and then decreasing.For the total phosphorus,the soil samples from Kuangshan town showed a continuously increasing trend,while Fule town first showed a decreasing trend and then an increase.The contents of soil organic matter in the two areas showing a trend of continuous increase.In the soil samples of Kuangshan town,a strong positive correlation was detected between Pb and Zn,Pb and SOM,a significant positive correlation was detected between Pb and TP,Mn and TN,Cd and TN,Zn and SOM,SOM and TN.In contrast,a strongly negatively correlated with Pb and Cu,Zn and Cu,Cu and SOM,Cu and TP.In the Fule Town mining area,Pb and Zn presented a very significant positive correlation,a significant positive correlation with Zn and Mn,Zn and Cu,Zn and SOM,Pb and TP,SOM and TN.However,a significant negative correlation with Pb and Cu,Zn and Cd,Cu and Cd.Studies have shown that the secondary succession process in mining areas was similar to the secondary succession process of habitats of abandoned farmland and post-disaster forests.The heavy met
作者
袁鑫奇
郭兆来
王越
曾铭
俞乃琪
潘瑛
刘嫦娥
段昌群
YUAN Xin-qi;GUO Zhao-lai;WANG Yue;ZENG Ming;YU Nai-qi;PAN Ying;LIU Chang-e;DUAN Chang-qun(School of Ecology and Environment,Yunnan University,Kunming,Yunnan 650091,China;Key Laboratory of Plateau Mountain Ecology and Degraded Environment Restoration of Yunnan Province,Kunming,Yunnan 650091,China)
出处
《农业现代化研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第4期764-775,共12页
Research of Agricultural Modernization
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(U2002208)
云南省科技研发项目(202101AS070033,2019BC001)。
