摘要
Respiratory viruses are major human pathogens that cause approximately 200 million pneumonia cases annually and induce various comorbidities with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD),resulting in significant health concerns and economic burdens.Clinical manifestations in respiratory viral infections and inflammations vary from asymptomatic,mild,to severe,depending on host immune cell responses to pathogens and interactions with airway epithelia.We critically review the activation,effector,and regulation of T cells in respiratory virus infections and chronic inflammations associated with COPD.Crosstalk among T cells,innate immune cells,and airway epithelial cells is discussed as essential parts of pathogenesis and protection in viral infections and COPD.We emphasize the specificity of peptide antigens and the functional heterogeneity of conventional CD4^(+) and CD8^(+) T cells to shed some light on potential cellular and molecular candidates for the future development of therapeutics and intervention against respiratory viral infections and inflammations.
基金
supported by grants from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2018YFC1313602)
Major International(Regional)Joint Research Project(No.81820108001)
National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81670029)
Jiangsu Key Principal Investigator of Medicine(No.ZDRCA2016018)
Project 333 for Cultivation of Young and Middle-aged Leading Talents(No.BRA2019078)
Jiangsu Key Program of Social Development(No.BE2015651)
Nanjing Key Project of Science and Technology(No.2019060002)(to Linfu Zhou)
the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences(No.ES006096)
Center for Environmental Genetics,National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases(No.All 15358)
American Lung Association(No.IA-629987)(to Shouxiong Huang).
