摘要
税收优惠政策是撬动企业转型升级的重要杠杆之一。为探究税收红利对"中国智造"的助推作用,本文以2014年、2015年两次固定资产加速折旧政策为准自然实验,匹配2010—2016年A股上市公司财务数据和专利数据,运用双重差分法从创新产出、技术范围、创新质量三方面进行分析,并进一步探究税收红利推进企业转型升级的影响机制。研究发现:税收红利显著提升创新产出,促使企业采取技术多元化策略并提高创新质量;从影响机制来看,税收红利可通过激励企业加大设备和人才投资促进企业转型升级;异质性结果显示:税收红利对不同规模、不同成长性企业的促进作用存在差异。本研究为科学评估税收优惠政策、全面提升企业创新能力提供参考依据,为最终实现"十四五"规划和2035年远景目标提供理论支撑。
Preferential taxation policy is one of the important levers of enterprise transformation and upgrading.In order to explore the promoting effect of tax incentive on “Intelligent Manufacturing in China”,this paper relies on two accelerated depreciation policies of fixed assets in 2014 and 2015 as a quasi-natural experiment,matching the financial data and patent data of A-share listed firms from 2010 to 2016,and then use Difference-in-differences method from the three aspects of innovation output,technology scope and innovation quality,and further explore the impact mechanism of tax dividends to promote the transformation and upgrading of enterprises.Our empirical results show that tax incentive significantly promotes innovation output,and incentivize enterprises to adopt technology diversification strategy and upgrade innovation quality.From the perspective of the impact mechanism,tax dividends can promote the transformation and upgrading of enterprises by encouraging enterprises to increase investment in equipment and talents.We further find some heterogeneity effects among firms with different size and growth stage.This paper provides a reference basis for the scientifical evaluation of tax preferential policies,comprehensive improvement of enterprise innovation ability,and offers a theoretical basis to the ultimate realization of the“14th Five-Year Plan”and the Long-Range Objectives through the Year 2035.
作者
陈玥卓
刘冲
侯思捷
Chen Yuezhuo;Liu Chong;Hou Sijie(School of Economics,Peking University;National Academy of Economic Strategy,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences)
出处
《经济评论》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第4期42-58,共17页
Economic Review
基金
全国统计科学研究项目“基于大数据的企业创新能力指标体系构建与高质量发展研究”(项目编号:2019LY23)
教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目“建设现代化经济体系的路径与策略研究”(项目编号:18JZD029)的资助。
关键词
税收红利
转型升级
企业创新
“中国智造”
Tax Dividend
Transformation and Upgrading
Enterprise Innovation
“Intelligent Manufacturing in China”
