摘要
固体的电子理论是以独立电子和单电子近似为基础,单电子在周期势场中的运动发展成能带理论.能带理论重要的成就之一是成功地预言了晶体的导电性,而对一些过渡金属氧化物特性的解释出现了问题.Mott首先在物理上指出,其根本原因是基于单电子近似得到的能带理论忽略了电子之间的关联作用.本文通过介绍单电子近似的基本思路和所获得的成就及其不足,进而讨论电子关联在目前凝聚态物理如超导、魔角石墨烯等前沿问题中的重要意义.在教学中,电子关联效应是固体物理基础知识和前沿问题相互连接的纽带,具有承上启下的作用.因此,在教学中应重视电子关联现象的讲解及在前沿物理领域中作用.
Approximation of independent electrons and single electrons play a fundamental role in the formation of solid electronic theory,and the movement of single electrons in the periodic potential field develops into energy band theory.One of the important achievements of energy band theory is the successful prediction of the electrical conductivity of crystals.However,its interpretation of the properties of transition metal oxides has been encountered inconsistent results.Mott first pointed out the fundamental reason for this from a physical point of view:the energy band theory based on the single-electron approximation and ignores the correlation between electrons.This article aims to introduce the basic ideas of the single-electron approximation and its achievements and shortcomings,then discusses the importance of electronic correlation in the current frontier field of condensed matter physics,such as superconductivity and magic angle graphene.Let students understand that electronic correlation effect is the link between the basic knowledge of solid physics and the frontier science.Therefore,the explanation of electronic correlation effect and its role in the field of frontier physics should be emphasized in teaching.
作者
郭星原
刘凡
陈姝君
GUO Xing-yuan;LIU Fan;CHEN Shu-jun(Department of Condensed Matter Physics,College of Physics,Jilin University,Changchun,Jilin 130012,China)
出处
《大学物理》
2021年第8期11-15,共5页
College Physics
基金
吉林大学交叉学科科研团队(10183JXTD202002)资助。
