摘要
为了解豫中潮土区不同质地土壤对优质强筋小麦产量和品质的影响,以主推强筋小麦新麦26、郑麦366、丰德存麦5号、中麦578和万丰269为材料,分析了同一生态区3种土壤质地(中壤土、轻壤土和砂壤土)对小麦生育期、抗逆性、产量和品质的影响。结果表明,同一小麦品种在砂壤土、轻壤土、中壤土3种质地土壤下,生育期由短到长,其中,砂壤土最短,中壤土最长,参试品种生育期郑麦366最短,丰德存麦5号最长;种植在砂壤土小麦最易受冻害,种植在中壤土小麦受冻害最轻,小麦受冻害程度由重到轻排序为郑麦366>新麦26>丰德存麦5号>中麦578>万丰269;小麦籽粒产量表现为中壤土>轻壤土>砂壤土,参试品种以丰德存麦5号产量最高;3种质地土壤对小麦籽粒容重无显著影响,但对蛋白质含量、吸水率、稳定时间、湿面筋含量、拉伸面积等品质有显著影响,以中壤土种植小麦的籽粒品质最优,轻壤土和砂壤土之间差异不显著,参试品种以新麦26品质最优。主推的5个品种通过综合应变栽培技术实施均可实现不同年份高稳产和优质双赢,验证了豫中潮土区是优质强筋小麦高度适宜区之一。
To investigate the influence of different textures of fluvo-aquic soil on the yield components,processing quality,growth period and freezing tolerance of strong gluten wheat in the region of central Henan,five strong gluten cultivars,including Xinmai 26,Zhengmai 366,Fengdecunmai 5,Zhongmai 578 and Wanfeng 269,were selected as the experimental materials.The effects of three kinds of soil textures(medium loam,light loam and sandy loam)on the growth period,freezing tolerance,yield and quality of the five cultivars were analyzed in the identical ecological condition.The results showed that the length of the growing period of the same cultivar tested varied as difference of soil textures,the growing period of Zhengmai 366 was the shortest in sandy loam soil and Fengdecunmai 5 was the longest in medium loam soil.The tested wheat cultivars planted in sandy loam soil were most vulnerable to frost injury,while suffered the least frost damage when planted in middle loam soil.The degree of frost injury varied with the different genotypes,with the order of Zhengmai 366>Xinmai 26>Fengdecunmai 5>Zhongmai 578>Wanfeng 269,and the order of grain yield was the medium loam>light loam>sandy loam.Fengdecunmai 5 had the highest yield.There were no significant effects of different soil textures on wheat grain bulk density,but there were significant differences in protein content,water absorption,stabilization time,wet gluten content,stretched area and other qualities.The grain quality was the best when wheat planted in medium loam soil,followed by under the environment of light loam soil and sandy soil.However,the significant difference between loam soils was not observed,and the tested Xinmai 26 had the best grain quality.Through the implementation of comprehensive strain cultivation techniques in this study,the five cultivars reached high and stable yield and achieved a win-win situation for high-yield and high-quality in different years,indicating that the fluvo-aquic soil region in central Henan appeared to be one of the areas high
作者
陈建玲
程小龙
CHEN Jianling;CHENG Xiaolong(Changge Agricultural Technology Extension Center,Changge 461500,China;Changge Institute of Agricultural Sciences,Changge 461500,China)
出处
《山西农业科学》
2021年第8期932-937,共6页
Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences
基金
2018年河南省优质专用小麦生产基地建设暨绿色高质高效创建项目(豫农种植〔2018〕53号)
2019年河南省优质专用小麦生产基地建设暨绿色高质高效创建项目(豫农种植〔2019〕12号)。
关键词
强筋小麦
潮土
耐冻性
产量
加工品质
strong gluten wheat
fluvo-aquic soil
freezing tolerance
yield
processing quality
