摘要
为评估广场空间特征对微气候的影响,在春、秋季对半干旱地区城市广场——包头市银河广场4种下垫面微气候要素进行实测,并利用ENVI-met软件建立不同围合条件及下垫面配置比例的模拟模型对其微气候调控效应进行评估。结果表明:1)微气候模型模拟结果与实测结果差值拟合度高、误差小,能精确反映实验结果;2)实测结果显示,春季以密林、秋季以疏林保温效果最优,春秋季密林的增湿、降风作用明显;3)城市广场围合度、围合方向及下垫面配比直接影响过渡季保温、增湿、降风效果及人体舒适度改善指数值的大小,保温、降风效果较强的绿地-硬质比为11:9、9:11,增湿、人体舒适度改善指数效果较好的绿地-硬质比为15:5。研究结果对半干旱区城市广场设计及环境改善具有指导作用。
In order to evaluate the impact of the square's spatial characteristics on the microclimate,the microclimate elements of the semi-arid urban square-Yinhe Plaza in Baotou City were monitored in spring and autumn,and the numerical simulation model of 5 enclosing forms and 5 types of underlying surface configuration ratios is established with ENVI-met software to roughly evaluate the effects of microclimate control.The results show that:1)After multiple parameter corrections of the microclimate ENVI-met model,the difference between the model simulation results and the measured results conforms to the error range,which can better reflect the distribution characteristics of the micro-scale climate;2)The measured results show that dense forest in spring and sparse forest in autumn have the best heat preservation effect,and dense forest in spring and autumn has obvious effect of humidification and wind reduction;3)The simulation results show that the degree,direction and internal underlying surface ratio of the city square affect the insulation and humidification of the transition season,the wind reduction effect and the improvement rate of human comfort directly,the suitable green-hardness ratio of heat preservation and wind reduction is 11:9,9:11,and the improvement rate of humidification effect and human comfort index is 15:5.The influence of the closing surface and the closing direction on each index is directly related to the closing degree.The results of this study have a guiding function in the design and environmental improvement of urban squares in semi-arid areas.
作者
郭亚男
王爱霞
GUO Yanan;WANG Aixia
出处
《中国园林》
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第7期107-112,共6页
Chinese Landscape Architecture
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(编号31860232)
内蒙古自然科学基金项目(编号2021LHMS03002)
内蒙古自治区高等学校科学研究项目(编号NJZZ17083)共同资助。
关键词
风景园林
半干旱区
过渡季
城市广场
围合条件
微气候
landscape architecture
semi-arid area
transition season
city square
enclosure condition
microclimate
