摘要
《民法典》颁布实施后居住权制度争议集中在性质选择和功能定位上,进而导致整个居住权可否流转、取得收益等具体规则适用问题变得含混不清。究其原因是混淆了居住权的本体属性与外部条件,导致居住权制度是秉持人役性还是应转向用益性不甚明确。《民法典》中规定的居住权制度旨在保障权利人对他人住宅享有的使用权能,用益性的居住权制度应如德国一样通过单独立法予以规定,因此,我国《民法典》中居住权制度应在人役性限制下进行重新阐释。在设立方面,居住权的人身专属性需具体体现在居住权主体、对象以及设立方式上。在权能方面,居住权权能包括占有、使用、自然孳息的收益、事实性处分等内容。此外,居住权消灭规则和消灭效果也需要进一步指明。
Since the promulgation and implementation of the Civil Code,the disputes about the residence right system have focused on the choice of nature and functional positioning,which has led to the ambiguity of the application of specific rules,such as whether the entire residence right can be transferred and obtained.The reason is that the ontological attributes of the right of residence are confused with the external conditions,and it is not clear whether the system of the right of residence upholds human service or should be turned to usefulness.The right of residence system stipulated in the Civil Code aims to protect the right holders’right to use other people’s houses.The beneficial right of residence system should be regulated through separate legislation like Germany.Therefore,the system of residence right in our country’s Civil Code should be reinterpreted under the restriction of human servitude.In terms of establishment,the personal specificity of the right of residence needs to be embodied in the subject,object and establishment method of the right of residence.In terms of power,the right of abode power includes possession,use,natural fruit income,and factual punishment.In addition,the rules and effects of the abolition of residency rights need to be further specified.
作者
林洋
唐万钰
Lin Yang;Tang Wanyu(School of Law,Xihua University,Chengdu 610039,Sichuan,China)
出处
《学术探索》
CSSCI
2021年第7期98-112,共15页
Academic Exploration
基金
中华人民共和国司法部2021年法治建设与法学理论研究部级科研项目(20SFB4045)。
关键词
居住权
人役性
设立
权能
消灭
right of residence
human servitude
establishment
power
elimination
