摘要
通过田间小区试验,监测和诊断3种不同施肥处理对辣椒-甘蓝轮作模式土壤质量的影响,为新型土壤诊断技术在农业生产中的应用提供依据。结果表明,通过对2轮作物的土壤理化性状监测与诊断,辣椒季和甘蓝季的土壤物理指标变化趋势基本一致,施肥能改善土壤物理性质,但推荐施肥(OPT)处理效果更佳;与不施肥对照(CK)相比,OPT处理显著降低了土壤容重,提高了土壤孔隙度、饱和含水量和田间持水量(P<0.05)。施肥处理都有土壤酸化现象,习惯施肥(FP)处理最显著,土壤pH比CK降低了12.41%。各处理的养分含量都随着种植时间的延长呈增加现象,2轮作物种完后FP处理和OPT处理的电导率(EC)、全氮含量和阳离子交换量(CEC)都显著高于CK(P<0.05),交换性钙、交换性镁含量与CK差异不显著(P>0.05);OPT处理土壤有机质含量显著高于FP处理和CK(P<0.05),比CK提高了50.68%。由此可知,用有机肥替代部分化肥可以改善土壤质量。
This study investigated the monitored and diagnosed effects of three different fertilization treatments on the soil quality of the chili-cabbage rotation pattern by the field plot test.The results showed that through monitoring and diagnosis of soil physical and chemical properties of two crops,the trend of soil physical indexes in the chili season was coincident with the cabbage season.Fertilization could improve the soil physical properties,but the recommended fertilization(OPT)treatment effect was more effective.Compared with the no fertilizer control(CK),OPT treatment significantly reduced the soil bulk density,increased soil porosity,saturated water content and field water holding capacity(P<0.05).All fertilization treatments had soil acidification,FP treatment was the most significant,and the soil pH was reduced by 12.41%compared with CK.The nutrients in each treatment increased with the extension of planting time.After the two rotation of the species,the electrical conductivity(EC)value,total nitrogen andcationicexchange content(CEC)of the FP treatment and OPT treatment were significantly higher than the CK(P<0.05),but the exchangable calcium and magnesium contents were no significant difference with the CK treatment(P>0.05).The content of soil organic matter was significantly higher in the OPT treatment than in the FP treatment and CK(P<0.05),which was 50.68%higher than CK.This experiment proved that replacing part of fertilizer with organic fertilizer could improve soil quality.
作者
杜雷
王素萍
陈钢
黄翔
张贵友
姜利
程维舜
罗茜
张利红
洪娟
DU Lei;WANG Su-ping;CHEN Gang;HUANG Xiang;ZHANG Gui-you;JIANG Li;CHENG Wei-shun;LUO Xi;ZHANG Li-hong;HONG Juan(Institute of Environment and Safety,Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Wuhan430345,China)
出处
《湖北农业科学》
2021年第13期63-67,共5页
Hubei Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家土壤质量数据中心观测监测任务(ZX02S180300)
武汉市农业科学院2019年创新项目(CX201907)。
关键词
土壤质量
监测
诊断
土壤理化性状
施肥
辣椒-甘蓝轮作
soil quality
monitoring
diagnosis
soil physical and chemical properties
fertilization
pepper-cabbage rotation system
