摘要
目的分析孕前体质量指数增加与妊娠期糖尿病发生率及妊娠结局之间的关系。方法在2018年5月—2019年2月到该院产检、分娩的单胎妊娠孕妇中,方便选取220例作为该次的研究对象,根据孕前体质量指数分为偏瘦组(<18.5 kg/m2)、正常组(18.5~23.9 kg/m2)、超重组(24~27.9 kg/m2)、肥胖组(≥28 kg/m2),并根据孕24周与孕前体质量指数相比增加幅度分为1组(增加幅度<2.2 kg/m2)和2组(增加幅度≥2.2 kg/m2),对比各组间妊娠期糖尿病发生率和妊娠结局情况。结果偏瘦组、正常组、超重组、肥胖组的妊娠期糖尿病发生率分别为3.64%、5.45%、10.91%、16.36%,不良妊娠结局发生率分别为16.36%、18.18%、36.36%、56.36%,呈逐渐上升趋势,正常组与偏瘦组,差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.064,P=0.801),正常组与超重组、肥胖组,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=8.332、31.175,P<0.05)。2组妊娠期糖尿病发生率高于1组,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=37.285,P<0.001);2组子痫、巨大儿、剖宫产、低体重儿、新生儿窒息、产后出血发生率均高于1组,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=14.328、15.490、16.162、12.268、7.994、15.502,P<0.001)。结论孕前体质量指数越高,或者孕期体质量指数增加幅度越大,妊娠期糖尿病发生率越高,进而增大不良妊娠结局风险,提示孕妇、妊娠期糖尿病孕妇均需要控制体质量增长。同时,医院也应当注重对妊娠期糖尿病相关知识的宣传教育,减少不良妊娠结局的发生。
Objective To analyze the relationship between the increase in body mass index before pregnancy and the incidence of gestational diabetes and pregnancy outcome.Methods Among the pregnant women with singleton pregnancy who came to the hospital for check-up and delivery from May 2018 to February 2019,220 cases were conveniently selected as the research objects,and they were divided into the thin group(<18.5 kg/m2),normal group(18.5-23.9 kg/m2),overweight group(24-27.9 kg/m2),obesity group(≥28 kg/m2)according to the pre-pregnancy body mass index,and divided into 1 group according to the increase in body mass index at 24 weeks of gestation(the increase rate<2.2 kg/m2)and the 2 groups(the increase rate≥2.2 kg/m2),compared the incidence of gestational diabetes and pregnancy outcomes between the groups.Results The incidence of gestational diabetes in the lean,normal,overweight,and obese groups were 3.64%,5.45%,10.91%,and 16.36%,respectively,and the incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes were 16.36%,18.18%,36.36%,and 56.36%,showing a gradual upward trend.The difference between the normal group and the thin group was not statistically significant(χ^(2)=0.064,P=0.801),and the difference between the normal group and the overweight and obese group was statistically significant(χ^(2)=8.332,31.175,P<0.05).The incidence of gestational diabetes in the 2 group was higher than that in the 1 group,the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=37.285,P<0.001);the incidence of eclampsia,macrosomia,cesarean section,low birth weight infants,neonatal asphyxia,and postpartum hemorrhage were higher in the 2 group than in the 1 group,the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=14.328,15.490,16.162,12.268,7.994,15.502,P<0.001).Conclusion The higher the body mass index before pregnancy,or the greater the increase in body mass index during pregnancy,the higher the incidence of gestational diabetes,which in turn increases the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes,suggesting that pregnant women and pregnant women with gestation
作者
徐叶芳
XU Yefang(Department of Obstetrics,Aviation General Hospital,Beijing,100012 China)
出处
《中外医疗》
2021年第16期50-53,共4页
China & Foreign Medical Treatment
关键词
孕前体质量指数
体质量指数增加
妊娠期糖尿病
妊娠结局
Pre-pregnancy body mass index
Body mass index increase
Gestational diabetes
Pregnancy outcome
