摘要
从牧民生计视角看,草原生态保护的关键在于提升牧民的兼业化能力,减少牧民对草原畜牧业收入的依赖,降低对天然草原资源的消耗。本文基于四川省红原县、若尔盖县651份实地调研数据,运用排序选择模型进行回归分析,研究了牧户生计资本对其畜牧兼业化的影响。研究表明:人均住房面积、草补收入、家庭总收入对牧民的草原畜牧兼业化有正向影响;劳动力人数、牦牛存栏量、亲戚户数等级、向亲朋借贷难易程度对牧民的草原畜牧兼业化有负向影响。本文认为,应尽快开展草地资源普查和确权工作,强化草地使用面积和牲畜存栏量挂钩管理,提升草原补奖标准,加强牧村定居点建设,发展绿色产业提供更多本地就业机会,吸纳牧区劳动力进城工作和生活,有效提升牧民多元生计能力,降低对天然草原资源消耗。
From the perspective of herdsmen’s livelihood,the key for grassland ecological protection is to improve herdsmen’s ability on concurrent business,reduce herdsmen’s dependence on grassland livestock husbandry income,and reduce the consumption of natural grassland resources.Based on 651 field survey data in Hongyuan and Ruoergai counties,Sichuan Province,we studied the impact of herdsmen’livelihood capital on their concurrent business of grassland livestock husbandry.The results show that the per capital housing area,grassland eco-compensation income and total family income have positive impacts on herdsmen’s concurrent business.The number of household’s labors,the number of yak stocks,the number of relatives and the degree of difficulty in borrowing money from relatives and friends have negative impacts on herdsmen’s concurrent business.It is suggested that grassland resources census and right confirmation should be carried out as soon as possible,the management of linking herdsmen’s grassland area with the amount of their livestock should be strengthened,the grassland eco-compensation standard be improved,the construction of herdsmen’s village settlements be strengthened,green industry be developed to provide more local employment opportunities,and absorb labor force from pastoral areas to work and live in cities,so as to effectively improve herdsmen’s multiple livelihood ability,and reduce the consumption of natural grassland resources.
作者
蒋振
靳乐山
JIANG Zhen;JIN Leshan(College of Humanities and Development Studies,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193;China Eco-compensation Policy Research Center,Beijing 100193,China)
出处
《干旱区资源与环境》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第8期35-41,共7页
Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment
基金
国家社会科学基金项目(编号:19BJY044)
亚洲开发银行重点课题(编号:KSTA-9653-PRC)资助。
关键词
草原生态保护补助奖励政策
牧户
生计资本
草原畜牧兼业化
川西北草原
grassland ecological compensation
herdsman
livelihood capital
concurrent business of grassland livestock husbandry
grassland in northwestern Sichuan
