摘要
近年来,人们对纳米金的研究已获得了长足进步,不同形貌的金纳米颗粒在药物递送及肿瘤治疗方面具有较好的应用前景,部分金纳米颗粒目前已进入临床试验阶段。其中,金纳米棒因其特殊的光学特性及光热治疗潜力更是成为重要的研究对象。从金纳米棒的光学特性与主要应用两方面进行综述:金纳米棒具有较好的表面可修饰性,可通过表面配体交换进行表面修饰以改善其生物相容性;其光热特性可通过调节长径比来进行表面等离子体共振(SPR)峰的调节,实现近红外光激发。这些特性使金纳米棒在生物大分子检测、生物体内实时成像、肿瘤早期诊断与治疗等方面均显示出良好的应用前景。以金纳米棒为载体,加以不同靶向分子修饰,可提高其药物传递系统的靶向性,减少对正常细胞的损伤;将化学疗法与光热疗法联合应用以达到更好的治疗效果。将金纳米棒与干细胞或某些特异生物分子结合,形成杂交金纳米棒体系,为进一步提高肿瘤治疗效率提供了新思路。
In recent years,the research on gold nanoparticles has made great progress.Gold nanoparticles with different morphologies have good application prospects in drug delivery and tumor treatment.Some gold nanoparticles have entered the stage of clinical trials.Gold nanorods have become important research objects due to their special optical properties and photothermal treatment potential.In this paper,the optical properties and main applications of gold nanorods were reviewed.Gold nanorods have good surface modifiable properties and can be modified through surface ligand exchange to improve their biocompatibility.The photothermal properties of gold nanorods can be improved by adjusting the aspect ratio to adjust the surface plasmon resonance(SPR)peak to achieve near-infrared light excitation.These characteristics make gold nanorods show good application prospects in the detection of biological macromolecules,real-time imaging in vivo,and early diagnosis and treatment of tumors.Using gold nanorods as a carrier and modified with different targeting molecules can improve the targeting of its drug delivery system and reduce damage to normal cells,so as to realize the combined application of chemotherapy and photothermal therapy,and finally achieve a better therapeutic effect.Combining gold nanorods with stem cells or certain specific biomolecules can form a hybrid gold nanorod system which provides new ideas for further improving the efficiency of tumor treatment.
作者
彭怡琛
姜玉倩
房晨婕
Peng Yichen;Jiang Yuqian;Fang Chenjie(Department of Basic Medical Sciences,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100069,China;School of Pharmaceutical Sciences,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100069,China)
出处
《国际生物医学工程杂志》
CAS
2021年第2期151-156,共6页
International Journal of Biomedical Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金(21571133,21171120)
北京市自然科学基金-北京市教育委员会科技发展计划重点项目(KZ201710025024)
北京市自然科学基金项目面上项目(7132020)。
关键词
金纳米棒
光学性质
成像
光热治疗
肿瘤治疗
Gold nanorods
Optical property
Detection and imaging
Photothermal therapy
Tumor treatment
