摘要
目前我国砂石需求量巨大且需求还会持续增加,拓宽机制砂的原料来源、保障产品供应以满足用砂需求,显得越来越迫切。分析了不同原料制备机制砂的力学性能、颗粒级配、表观密度等性质,简述了机制砂典型制砂工艺流程,对比了湿式制砂和干式制砂这2种工艺的特点,介绍了常用机制砂的生产设备与性能,探讨了我国机制砂行业的产品标准和技术规范。并在此基础上,分析了煤矸石制备机制砂的可行性,煤矸石作为我国产生和排放量最大的工业固体废弃物之一,成分和性质与砂石原料相近,以煤矸石作为机制砂原料,不仅可以扩大机制砂的原料来源、增加机制砂产量,而且可以有效实现煤矸石的资源化利用。以煤矸石制备细集料代替传统机制砂配制的混凝土,具有抗压能力强的特点,可用作建筑材料、路段填充料以及桥路的修葺材料,应用前景广阔。但煤矸石机制砂存在成分相对复杂、碳质和硫分含量较高、多孔易吸水、细度模数不稳定、颗粒级配不合理等问题,有必要实施精准分级分质,减少或脱除碳质和硫分,使煤矸石的组分组成更加适应制砂要求;同时改进制砂工艺、充实制砂标准和规范,使煤矸石机制砂得到更为有效的推广和广泛应用。
At present,there is a huge demand for sand in China and the demand will continue to increase.It is more and more urgent to broaden the raw material sources of manufactured sand and ensure the supply of products to meet the demand of sand.The mechanical properties,particle size distribution,apparent density and other properties of manufactured sand prepared with different raw materials were analyzed,the typical process flow of manufactured sand was briefly described,the characteristics of wet sand making and dry sand making were compared,the common production equipment and its performance of manufactured sand were introduced,and the product standards and technical specifications of China's manufactured sand industry were discussed.On this basis,the feasibility of making manufactured sand from coal gangue was analyzed.As one of the largest industrial solid wastes in China,coal gangue had similar composition and properties with the raw materials of sand,taking coal gangue as the raw material of manufactured sand could not only expand the raw material source of manufactured sand and increase the production of manufactured sand,but also effectively realize the resource utilization of coal gangue.The fine aggregate prepared by coal gangue instead of the traditional manufactured sand had the characteristics of strong compression resistance.It could be used as building materials,road filling materials and bridge repair materials,and had a broad application prospect.However,the composition of manufactured sand from coal gangue was relatively complex,and there were many problems,such as high content of carbon and sulfur,porous for water absorption,unstable fineness modulus,unreasonable particle size distribution and so on,it was necessary to carry out accurate classification and quality separation,reduce or remove carbon and sulfur,so as to make the composition of coal gangue more suitable for sand making;at the same time,improve the sand making process,enriching the sand making standards and norms could be helpful for the
作者
王辰
梁惠祺
别泉泉
张硕
高耀
舒元锋
朱开成
王彦君
许泽胜
舒新前
WANG Chen;LIANG Huiqi;BIE Quanquan;ZHANG Shuo;GAO Yao;SHU Yuanfeng;ZHU Kaicheng;WANG Yanjun;XU Zesheng;SHU Xinqian(School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing,Haidian,Beijing 100083,China;China Green Mines Promotion Committee,Chaoyang,Beijing 100029,China;Key Laboratory of Coal Measures Mineral Resources,China National Administration of Coal Geology,Xuzhou,Jiangsu 221000,China)
出处
《中国煤炭》
2021年第7期68-76,共9页
China Coal
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFC1904600、2020YFC1806500)。
关键词
煤矸石
机制砂
轻骨料混凝土
固废处理
coal gangue
manufactured sand
lightweight aggregate concrete
solid waste treatment
