摘要
细粒沉积物的沉积机制不仅反映了沉积过程,更重要的是控制了非常规储层的性质和资源潜力。细粒沉积岩岩相反映了岩石的沉积特征、古沉积环境、沉积机制,可根据矿物成分、沉积构造、有机质丰度、粒度等特征进行划分。物源、气候、水体物理化学条件及构造作用是影响细粒沉积过程和富有机质页岩发育的主控因素,海、陆相细粒沉积岩的沉积环境存在很大的差异。细粒沉积物可能被浊流、碎屑流、异重流、滑塌等多种重力驱动作用搬运改造,大部分地区细粒沉积物的沉积机制都不是受单一的动力学控制,而是受多种成因机制的共同作用。相对稳定的构造和沉积环境、适宜的沉积速率使细粒沉积岩岩层具有良好的储盖组合。受沉积相和成岩作用的控制,局部地区发育甜点,地质甜点区为页岩油气的大面积分布与局部富集提供了储集条件。
The sedimentary mechanism of fine sediment not only reflects the deposition process, but more importantly controls the nature and resource potential of unconventional reservoirs. The sedimentary facies of fine sediments reflect the sedimentary characteristics, paleosedimentary environment and sedimentary mechanism of the rocks, and can be divided according to the sedimentary characteristics of mineral composition, sedimentary structure, organic matter content and grain size. Provenance,climate, physical and chemical conditions of water bodies and tectonics are the main factors that influence the development of fine sediment and organic shale. The sedimentary environments of continental fine grain deposition and marine fine grain deposition are quite different. Fine-grained materials may be transported and transformed by various fluids, such as clastic flow, turbidity flow,abnormal gravity flow and collapse flow. The formation mechanism of fine grain deposition in most areas is not controlled by a single dynamic mechanism, but by the joint action of multiple genetic mechanisms. Fine grained sedimentary rocks have a good assemblage of genesis, storage and cap due to their relatively stable structure and sedimentary environment and suitable deposition rate. Under the control of sedimentary facies and diagenesis, desserts are developed in some areas, which lays the reservoir conditions for the large area distribution and local enrichment of shale oil and gas.
作者
聂银兰
谢庆宾
朱筱敏
张美洲
NIE Yinlan;XIE Qingbin;ZHU Xiaomin;ZHANG Meizhou(College of Geoscience,China University of Petroleum,Beijing 102249,China)
出处
《断块油气田》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第3期305-310,共6页
Fault-Block Oil & Gas Field
关键词
细粒沉积
岩相划分
沉积环境
沉积机制
沉积模式
fine grain deposition
lithofacies division
sedimentary environment
sedimentation mechanism
depositional model
