摘要
以‘红面’切花菊(Hongmian)为试材,设置6组光周期处理,分别为昼/夜7h/17h(记为Ph7)、8h/16h(Ph8)、9h/15h(Ph9)、10h/14h(Ph10)、11h/13h(Ph11),以长日照(13~14h)处理为对照CK,研究不同光周期对其生长及开花的影响。记录不同处理现蕾、破蕾、初花、盛花的时间和叶片数,测定分析不同发育期叶片可溶性总糖、蔗糖和蛋白含量,并于不同处理达盛花期时测定其花、茎鲜重以及干物质在不同器官的分配率,以阐明不同光周期对‘红面’菊初花期和出花品质的调控作用,为不同发育期的菊花栽培提出具有针对性的补光建议。结果表明:(1)叶片数随光照时间的增加而增加,并以CK的增加速率最大,Ph11次之,Ph7最小。(2)‘红面’切花菊的花期明显受光照时长的影响,Ph10处理下的菊花从苗期−现蕾、成花耗时均最短,Ph11从初花−花瓣全展开的盛花期耗时最短,Ph7、Ph8和CK花期严重滞后。(3)不同发育期叶片可溶性糖、蛋白含量均呈“M”形变化趋势,两次峰值分别出现在花芽分化期和开花前。可溶性总糖含量以CK最大,Ph11次之;作为可感知光周期信号的信使分子蔗糖,以及可溶性蛋白含量均以Ph10最大。(4)花鲜重以Ph11最大,促花效果显著。因此生产上将秋菊开花时间提前的同时,为保证切花质量,苗期应接受大于11h/d的长日照条件,使菊花苗进行充分的营养生长而不过早诱发花芽分化,以10h/d的光照条件进行诱花处理,花蕾形成且开始成花显色后,花芽分化已不可逆,再将其置于11h/d的光照条件下花瓣可最快全部展开。
Taking'Hongmian'cut Chrysanthemum as test material,the black plastic film was used to build shading shed,and six groups of different photoperiod treatments were set up by black film shading method,which were day/night 7 h/17 h(recorded as Ph7),8 h/16 h(Ph8),9 h/15 h(Ph9),10 h/14 h(Ph10),11 h/13 h(Ph11),and long-day(13-14 h)treatment as CK.The effects of different photoperiods on the vegetative growth,flowering and development quality of Chrysanthemum were studied.The time and leaf number of budding,bud breaking,initial flowering and full blooming of different treatments were recorded.The contents of total soluble sugar,sucrose and protein in leaves at different developmental stages were measured and analyzed.The fresh weight of flowers and stems and the distribution rate of dry matter in different organs were measured at the full blooming stage of different treatments.The purpose was to clarify the regulatory effect of different photoperiods on the initial flowering stage and flowering quality of‘Hongmian’Chrysanthemum,and to propose targeted light supplement suggestions for Chrysanthemum cultivation at different developmental stages.The results showed that,(1)the number of leaves increased with the increase of illumination time,and the increase rate of CK was the largest,followed by Ph11,and Ph7 was the smallest.(2)The flowering time of'Hongmian'cut Chrysanthemum was significantly affected by photoperiod.The flowering time of Chrysanthemum under Ph10 treatment was the shortest from seedling stage to budding and flowering.The flowering time of Ph11 from the initial flowering stage to the full blooming stage of petals was the shortest.The flowering time of Ph7,Ph8 and CK was seriously lagging behind.(3)The changes of soluble sugar and protein content in leaves at different developmental stages showed a'M'trend,and the two peaks appeared at the flower bud differentiation stage and before flowering.The total soluble sugar content in CK was the highest,followed by Ph11;The contents of soluble protein and sucrose,
作者
陆思宇
杨再强
LU Si-yu;YANG Zai-qiang(Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters,Nanjing University of Information Science&Technology,Nanjing 210044,China;Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Agrometeorology,Nanjing 210044)
出处
《中国农业气象》
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第7期596-605,共10页
Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology
基金
国家重点研究开发计划(2019YFD1002202)。
关键词
‘红面’菊
光周期
叶片数
花期
可溶性糖
可溶性蛋白
‘Hongmian’Chrysanthemum
Photoperiod
Number of leaves
Flowering period
Soluble sugar
Soluble protein
