摘要
原子力显微术在原子级分辨表征、化学键识别、探测电荷密度分布等领域都有重要的应用.本文在介绍原子力显微术基本工作原理的基础上,着重介绍其在室温原子操纵、对原子/分子操纵过程的表征、以及绝缘基底上的电荷操纵三个方面的工作进展.主要内容有:1)原子力显微术的成像原理及其对典型分子的化学键分辨表征;2)原子力显微术在室温下的力学操纵和原子识别能力;3)用原子力显微术操纵分子表面异构或吸附构型变化并表征该过程中的相互作用力;4)在绝缘基底上通过原子力显微术对单分子及多分子的电荷操纵.原子力显微术操纵在这些领域内的工作拓展了扫描隧道显微镜在原子/分子操纵方面的工作范围,为理解并精确控制操纵过程及构造纳米尺度器件提供了新的思路.
In this review paper,we introduce representative research work on single atomic/molecular manipulations by atomic force microscopy(AFM),which possesses extraordinary ability to resolve atomic and chemical bonds,and charge density distributions of samples.We first introduce the working principle of AFM,then focus on recent advances in atom manipulation at room temperature,force characterization in the process of atom/molecule manipulation,and charge manipulation on insulating substrates.This review covers the following four aspects:1)the imaging principle of AFM and the atomic characterization of typical molecules such as pentacene and C60;2)the mechanical manipulation and atomic recognition capability of AFM at room temperature;3)the characterization of forces in the process of surface isomerization and adsorption configuration changes of the molecules;4)the manipulation of charge states and the characterization of single and multiple molecules on insulating substrates.The capability of manipulation by AFM in these fields widens the range in atomic/molecular manipulation,which can provide new and well-established schemes for the analysis and precise control of the manipulation process,and can further contribute to the construction of nanoscale devices,such as“molecular switches”and storage components.
作者
李彦
郑琦
常霄
黄立
林晓
程志海
高鸿钧
Li Yan;Zheng Qi;Chang Xiao;Huang Li;Lin Xiao;Cheng Zhi-Hai;Gao Hong-Jun(Nanoscale Physics and Devices Laboratory,Institute of Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;School of Physical Sciences,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Department of Physics,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100049,China)
出处
《物理学报》
SCIE
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第13期273-295,共23页
Acta Physica Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金(批准号:61674045)
中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(B类)(批准号:XDB30000000)资助的课题.
关键词
原子力显微术
原子/分子操纵
操纵机制
单电荷操纵
原子识别
atomic force microscopy
atomic/molecular manipulations
manipulation mechanism
manipulation of charge state
atom identification
