摘要
以海水池塘陆基围隔试验法比较研究拟穴青蟹、斑节对虾、缢蛏三元混养模式,以拟穴青蟹、斑节对虾为基础,作为对照组(CS),混以5个不同搭配比例的缢蛏,即5个处理组(CSR1、CSR2、CSR3、CSR4和CSR5),对各混养模式的养殖效果、氮磷收支及利用率等方面进行单因素方差分析和多重比较。试验结果显示,各混养模式下饲料是氮、磷主要输入方式,分别占氮、磷总输入的84.02%~86.31%与98.08%~98.83%,底泥沉积是氮、磷主要输出方式,分别占氮、磷总支出的44.21%~56.40%与50.38%~60.96%;不同混养模式下,养殖生物在规格、成活率、特定生长率、产量以及产值方面均存在差异,采用CSR3和CSR4混养模式可取得较高养殖效益;氮、磷利用率方面,各处理组氮利用率为12.35%~32.66%,且CSR5>CSR3、CSR4>CSR1、CSR2>CS,差异显著(P<0.05);磷利用率为9.38%~23.10%,CSR3、CSR4、CSR5>CS、CSR1、CSR2,差异显著(P<0.05)。试验结果表明在虾、蟹混养系统中加入适量密度缢蛏,可显著提高养殖系统养殖效益与氮、磷利用率。综上所述,结合养殖投入、养殖效益与氮、磷利用率等方面数据,CSR3处理组密度搭配最为合理,即在本试验条件下,青蟹、斑节对虾、缢蛏最优搭配为拟穴青蟹35只/25 m^(2)、斑节对虾300尾/25 m^(2)、缢蛏1000个/25 m^(2)。
The ternary polyculture models of mud crab Scylla paramamosain,tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon and razor clam Sinonovacula constricta were investigated in land-based perigrid experiments in seawater ponds at stocking density of 35 individuals of mud crab and 300 individuals of tiger shrimp(as a control,CS)with 5 different proportions of razor clam including 250(CSR1),500(CSR2),1000(CSR3),2000(CSR4),and 4000(CRS5)individuals.In the feeding trial,budgets and utilization rates of nitrogen and phosphorus were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and multiple comparisons.The results showed that the feed was the main input of nitrogen(accounting for 84.02%—86.31%)and phosphorus(accounting for 98.08%—98.83%)in the enclosures,the main output of nitrogen(accounting for 44.21%—56.40%)and phosphorus(accounting for 50.38%—60.96%)were in the sediments.Under different models,there were differences in sizes,survival rate,specific growth rate,yield and output value of the cultured organisms,in which the maximal benefits were observed in CSR3 and CSR4 groups.The nitrogen utilization rates of each group ranged from 12.35%to 32.66%,and CSR5>CSR3,CSR4>CSR1,CSR2>CS,showed significant differences(P<0.05).The phosphorus utilization rates were ranged from 9.38%to 23.10%,CSR3,CSR4,CSR5>CS,CSR1,CSR2,with significant differences(P<0.05),indicating that the addition of an appropriate amount of razor clam in the polyculture system of shrimp and crab improved the breeding efficiency and the utilization rates of nitrogen and phosphorus significantly.In conclusion,CSR3 treatment group was the most reasonable,followed by CSR4.Under the conditions of this experiment,the optimal collocation was crab at 35 individuals/25 m^(2),shrimp at 300 individuals/25 m^(2) and razor clam at 1000 individuals/25 m^(2).
作者
赵艳飞
钟声平
王贤丰
黄凌光
刘旭佳
熊向英
ZHAO Yanfei;ZHONG Shengping;WANG Xianfeng;HUANG Lingguang;LIU Xujia;XIONG Xiangying(Guangxi Institute of Oceanology Co., Ltd., Beihai 536000, China;National Sea Area Dynamic Supervising Center of Haicheng District, Beihai 536000, China)
出处
《水产科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第4期483-491,共9页
Fisheries Science
基金
广西自然科学基金资助项目(2017GXNSFAA198022)
广西科技计划项目(桂科AB18221112)
广西科学院基本科研业务费项目(2017YJJZ003,2019YJJ1004).
关键词
拟穴青蟹
斑节对虾
缢蛏
混养
氮
磷
Scylla paramamosain
Penaeus monodon
Sinonovacula constricta
polyculture
nitrogen
phosphorus
