摘要
金属有机骨架材料(Metal-organic frameworks,MOFs)因具有高的比表面积和孔隙率,使得其拥有良好的气体吸附性能。与传统的NO x吸附材料相比,MOFs材料拥有超高的比表面积和孔隙率,结构丰富多样且具有周期性,良好的热稳定性和化学稳定性。国内外学者采用不同的合成方法合成MOFs材料,以达到对NO x高效吸附的目的。MOFs材料的合成方法主要有水热法、溶剂热法、超声波合成法和微波合成法。水热法操作步骤简单,合成的晶体质量高,但是晶粒较大,孔体积小;溶剂热法和水热法原理相同,通过加入不同官能团的有机溶剂,合成的材料结构更为丰富,比表面积和孔容更大,对NO x的吸附效果比水热法好,也是使用最广泛的方法;超声波合成法合成的MOFs材料粒径较小且尺寸均一,比表面积和孔容较大,对NO x的吸附效果好,但是成本较高;微波合成法可加快反应速率,形成更小的晶粒,比表面积和孔容较大,对NO x的吸附量很高,但是同样也具有经济成本高的劣势。为此,本文对MOFs材料的合成方法、改性技术进行了总结,同时分析了不同方法合成的MOFs对氮氧化吸附效果的影响,并对MOFs材料吸附氮氧化物的发展趋势作了展望。
Metal organic framework materials have good gas adsorption performance due to their high specific surface area and porosity.Compared with traditional NO x adsorption materials,MOFs have ultra-high specific surface area and porosity,rich and diverse structures and periodicity,and good thermal and chemical stability.The synthesis methods of MOFs have been studied a lot to get a high adsorption efficiency of NO x.The synthesis methods of MOFs mainly include hydrothermal method,solvothermal method,ultrasonic synthesis method and microwave synthesis method.The hydrothermal method has an easy operation and high crystal quality but a large crystal grains and small pore volume;The principles of the solvothermal method and the hydrothermal method are same.By adding organic solvents with different functional groups,the synthesized material can have a richer structure,larger specific surface area,and a better adsorption property on NO x than hydrothermal method.So it is also the most widely used method;the MOFs synthesized by ultrasonic synthesis method has small particle and uniform size,large specific surface area and pore volume,and good NO x adsorption property but high cost;the microwave synthesis method can accelerate the reaction process to get a smaller particle size,specific surface area and pore volume,and a high adsorption capacity for NO x,but it also has the disadvantage of high economic cost.Therefore,we summarize the synthesis methods and modification technologies of MOFs in this article,and analyze the effects of MOFs synthesized by different methods on the adsorption of NO x,and then prospecte the development trend of MOFs for adsorbing NO x.
作者
崔杏辉
吴晓鹏
戚文豪
邢益强
潘孟博
杜浩然
马成良
CUI Xinghui;WU Xiaopeng;QI Wenhao;XING Yiqiang;PAN Mengbo;DU Haoran;MA Chengliang(Henan Key Laboratory of High Temperature Functional Ceramics,School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450052,China)
出处
《材料导报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第S01期121-127,共7页
Materials Reports
基金
国家自然科学基金(51872265)
“十三五”国家重点研发计(2017YFB0310701)。
关键词
金属有机骨架材料
氮氧化物
干法吸附剂
合成方法
metal organic framework materials
nitrogen oxides
dry adsorbent
synthesis method
